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a political theory derived from German philosopher Karl Marx.

what is communism and socialism?

I.What is communism? Communism is a political theory derived from Karl Marx

A. advocates class war.

B. all property is publicly owned.

C. everyone is paid according to one's abilities. .

After the war ended.

II.Socialism: A political and economic theory of

social organization.

A. advocates the meaning of distribution and

production.

B. exchange should be regulated by the

community.

* American veterans returned home in 1918.

* Sparks of suspicion occurred among labor workers.

* Most Americans began to fear Eastern European immigrants, believing them to be a part of the communist party.

* Unemployment rises in the U.S., which causes a lot of labor workers to join labor unions, and go on strike.

Part two: The Bolshevik Revolution:

* In November of 1917, Lenin put his plan into action and led the Bolshevik Revolution against Nicholas II *After the success of the revolution, Lenin pulled Russia from the war after rising to political power, he then quickly established the Soviet Union, bringing Marx’s idea of communism to life.

Once upon a time, in a far away land called, Russia...

* During WW1: Russia was in utter turmoil!

* Czar Nicholas II still kept on fighting for Russia.

* Vladimir Lenin: He brought forth the idea of Marx's idea which we know is the idea of communism.

The situation worsens:

* The fear of radicals starting a revolution similar to the events in Russia, swept American citizens.

* It became so bad that "self-proclaimed" anarchists started mailing bombs to notable American homes.

The Government Responds:

The Gov. Responds Cont.

* Several thousands radicals, who were aliens, were deported.

* This included U.S. Attorney General A. Mitchell Palmer, and U.S supreme Court Associate Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr.

On January 2, 1920, the largest raids had occurred when over 4,000 suspected radicals nationwide were seized.

* The U.S. government was of course, outraged by the bombings.

* They raided all the headquarters of radical organizations.

* They then arrested thousands of suspected radicals.

In New England alone, over 800 suspected radicals were arrested.

Palmer Raid 1920

*

Palmer Raids, also called Palmer Red Raids, raids conducted by the U.S. Department of Justice in 1919 and 1920 in an attempt to arrest foreign anarchists, communists, and radical leftists, many of whom were subsequently deported.

*It was led by Attorney General A. Mitchell Palmer and was viewed as the climax of that era's so called Red Scare.

On April 29, 1920, Attorney General Palmer had warned the nation that the Department of Justice had uncovered plots against the lives of over twenty federal and state officials as part of planned May Day ( May 1st) celebrations.

The failure of these plots to materialize, coupled with increased criticism of the Palmer Raids, brought these raids to an end.

Palmer Raids Continued

*The most spectacular of the Palmer Raids took place on January 2, 1920, when thousands of individuals were arrested in more than 30 cities.

*The following days, federal, state, and local agents conducted further raids.

*Palmer declared the arrests successful, but announced that the work was far from done.

*Acting Secretary of Labor Louis Post, however, did not share Palmer's fear of radical aliens and reversed more than 70% of the 1,600 deportation warrants

*News of the brutality of the raids became public and the constitutionality of the actions was brought into question.

*The National Civil Liberties Bureau, publicly challenged Palmer's actions.

Continued

*He claimed that there were still more than 300,000 dangerous communists inside the United States.

*Authorities lacked the facilities to hold the arrested ones from the January raids.

* Palmer sent a large number of suspected radicals to the Bureau of Immigration for deportation.

The Ending of the Palmer Raids and the Red Scare

*Palmer's unfulfilled desire of a May Day 1920 revolution destroyed his credibility with the public, diminishing the Red Scare and ending the Palmer Raids.

Site Sources

britannica.com/topic/Palmer-Raids

www.mass.gov/court-info/sjc/edu-res-center/saco-vanz/thered-scare-of-1919-1920-4-gen.html

http://www.ushistory.org/us/47a.asp

Red Scare and Palmer Raids

Brief History

The Red Scare was a political campaign that reigned from 1919 to 1920, created by the U.S. government.

It was created to spread the fear of communism, socialism, and anarchy throughout the U.S., after the first world-war.

Despite the war being over, hysteria still lingered on.

The Red scare and Palmer Raids.

By Cierra and Katie Van Houten, and Isaac Ussery 10/23/17, Mrs. Corbin.

6th Period

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