IMPERIALISM
IN
AFRICA
SOUTH
AFRICA
Thank you for your attention!
Given what you know about Europeans and Africans of the time, why did colonization happen?
In your opinion, what would Africa look like today if colonization had never occurred?
British acquire Cape Colony from Dutch in 1814
British clash with Boers
Boer War - 1899 - 1902
British unite South Africa in 1910
Political Relationships
Lay foundation for apartheid, which lasts until 1993
Acheive independence in 1931
Left British Commonwealth 1961
Churches and newspapers demand rights for blacks
Formed political party: African Nationalist Party, the ANC
Nationalist movements
ANC protested unfair laws, but had no effect under white government
How was colonial rule in Africa different from in India or in Latin America? How was it similar?
British/Dutch rule
1795-1931
British bought Cape Colony to protect routes to Asia
Economics
Used "free" labor (slavery) and established laws to force free blacks to work for as little as possible
Discovery of diamond and gold mines increased profit, but made conditions for blacks worse
During apartheid, white population enjoyed high standard of living, while blacks remained at a disadvantage
East Africa Protectorate (1895-1920)
Population
Uganda Railway
World War I
Kenya Colony (1920-1963)
Legislation
Mau Mau Uprising
Independence
Political Relationships
KENYA
Occupied by British
1895-1963
Mau Mau uprising 1952-1960
Jomo Kenyatta arrested for leading Mau Mau Party
Nationalist Movements
1960, majority of Legistlative seats given to Africans
Economics
Political Relationships
Nigeria was conquered through the power of Britain's military
Britain let Nigeria create a new government and lead itself, but not fully take control
This was done so that the tension between and so that the different regions would keep an interest in diverse ethnic groups
Nationalist movements
NIGERIA
Nigeria wanted to have an autonomous government
Took inspiration from American nationalists
THINGS FALL APART
After World War II, Nigerians demanded indepence, which led to a series of consitutions, giving way for autonomy for Nigeria, but not full control
Consitution adopted in 1999 led to peaceful movement to a civilian government
Nationalists critiqued colonialism for its failure to appreciate the antiquity of indigenous cultures
CHINUA ACHEBE
British Colony
1800-1960
Economics
Relied heavily on trade with Britain, however, only major companies were able to expand, like the Compan of the Royal Adventurers
Traded manufactured goods made in Africa
Like other parts of Africa, Nigeria was also affected by the slave trade
Home to natural resources such as iron ore, coal, etc.
Agriculture played a role, raising regular farm animals and growing crops
European attitude toward Africans
Cultural/
Ideological
Religious differences: tribal/indigenous practices versus Christian
Resistance to colonial rule