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Phosphocreatine & Lactic Acid System

Replenishment of the PCr System

Introduction

The body needs a steady supply of energy to produce the muscular contractions that are essential for sport, as well as to perform all the other functions needed to stay alive, such as digestion of foods, circulation and repairing tissues.

For movement to occur, the body must transfer stored chemical energy to mechanical energy The body does this by breaking down a high energy compound called Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)

Introduction to the Lactic Acid System

This is another short term energy system. It is designed to meet our energy requirements at a high intensity over a longer period, such as a 400m race.

We know already that ATP can be made from the partial breakdown of glucose and glycogen. However, this is an anaerobic process that doesn't require oxygen.

Because of this it is not sustainable over a long duration, with probably 60-90 seconds as the longest it can last

In order to release the energy stored by the ATP, the body needs to break down the bond between the second and third phosphate molecules.

This provides the body with the energy to produce movements.

BUT leaves us with a second compound – Adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and a loose phosphate molecule.

We must reattach these molecules in order to remake ATP. We need energy to do this.

Anaerobic Glycolysis

When the ATP-Pcr system begins to fade after about 10 seconds, the process of anaerobic glycolysis begins.

Glycolysis is the degradation or breaking down of a glucose molecule

Before it can be used to create energy to resynthesize ATP, glycogen must be converted into the compound glucose-6 phosphate. This change itself requires one ATP.

Glycogen generates 3 ATP, but as one is used in this process, we are left with a net gain of 2 ATP for each glucose molecule

ATP is created when glycogen and free fatty acids are burned in the muscle cells.

Glycogen is created when carbohydrate is broken down to a simple sugar called glucose. If this is not required immediately by the body, it is converted to glycogen and stored in the liver and the muscles.

Free fatty acids are created when fat is broken down.

The burning of these two creates the ATP, the breakdown of which provides energy for muscle contraction.

ATP

ATP consists of one adenine and three phosphate molecules. It is formed by the reaction between adenosine diphosphate and phosphate molecules.

Energy is stored in the chemical bonds of the molecules

ATP is produced by breaking down the foods that we eat in our diet

Lactic Acid is the limiting factor of the anaerobic system

It accumulates in the system and diffuses into the muscles and the blood.

If it is not removed by the cardiovascular system, then it causes fatigue and creates an uncomfortable burning in our muscles

The energy is released once the bond is broken

Questions

1-What movements only use the ATP stores?

2-What events does Jessica perform in that uses the whole phosocreatine system?

3-The movement that uses the ATP stores how long does it last for?

4- The events that use the whole phosocreatine system last for how long?

Summary

ANALYZE

Explore the main ideas of the subject, stating how they are related, why they are important and how each one contributes to the main area of interest.

Give a detailed account to give the meaning of something with reasons; include the ‘how’ and ‘why’ of a topic

EXPLAIN

Describe

Give a detailed account of something: think of it as painting a picture with words

1- To describe what energy systems are used within the immediate responses to exercise and what sports and actions that use these energy systems.

2- To explain what energy systems are used within the immediate responses to exercise and what sports and actions that use these energy systems.

3- To analyse what energy systems are used within the immediate responses to exercise and what sports and actions that use these energy systems.

Phosphocreatine system is an immediate energy system, which means that with the use of this explosive actions can be achieved but only for a short period of time. The system can last up to 10 sec at high intensity. The phosphocreatine system uses the molecules of ATP, ADP & PCr.(Creatine Phosphate)

Creatine phosphate is a high compound. When energy is high, creating phosphate which is stored in the muscle is broken down to provide energy ATP. ATP is the molecule which is the source of energy production.

When the ATP-PCr begins to fade after around 10sec such as after a 100m sprint the process of aerbic glycolsis occurs (Lactic Acid)

This system breaks down glycogen in out muscles and liver with the presence of oxygen.

This then results in a build up of lactic acid and then as a result limits energy production and fatigue.

The process is an anaerobic process because no oxygen is used.

The recovery rate for phosphocreataine can vary between 10-20 min.

P7,M4,D2-describe,explain and analyse the three different energy systems and their use in sport and exercise activities.

Warm Up

Show me a movement that will only use the ATP system.

Objectives-

1- What makes up the phosphocreatine system & lactic acid system

2- How long does it last for?

3- Why does the energy run out?

4-How long does it take to recover?

5- What types of sports and sporting actions use the Phosphocreatine System

IMMEDIATE ENERGY SYSTEM

Anaerobic

Without Oxygen

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