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Analysis

Relevant Law

  • Initial Ruling: Individual far more vulnerable in a 'dark environment'
  • Appeal, Mulligan J states:
  • Lack of lighting did not contribute to the risk of injury to the respondent.
  • Ruling established by Dixon J, in Leurs by lack of 'special circumstances'
  • Prior consideration must have been given from previous damages, although the assailants were ruled that the lighting did not influence their decision to attack the respondent.

Rules

Causation

  • plaintiff. judge stated "a clear connection amounts to Causation.

Appellant Defenses:

  • Provide a reasonable and safe workplace, does not extend to actions of third parties.
  • How reasonably foreseeable are criminal actions?
  • Not possible to eliminate entirely.

-there was a clear connection between the safe guard of the lighting of the common area being denied to the

Civil Liability Act 1936

Negligence

  • Duty of care

Relevant area of law:

  • Negligence
  • Causation: There is a clear connection between safe guard of lighting and the attack
  • Duty of care - Reasonable to protect against third party actions?
  • Lights? Cameras?
  • Reasonable care provides to protect those lawfully on the land against criminal acts of third parties

Conclusion:

- Negligence case

- Final ruling

Issues:

Appellant:

The owner of Modbury Triangle Shopping Centre "The Centre"

Plaintiff/Respondent:

An employee of Focus Video Pty Ltd (Anzil)

Established duty of care in an carpark?

  • FACTS:
  • Focus video leased premises next to row of ATM machines
  • Carpark extremely dark at night without lights
  • Shop closed at 10pm, respondent attacked at 10:30pm
  • Lighting in the carpark 'was provided at the discretion of the appellant'

Modbury Triangle Shopping Centre v Anzil

(23 November 2000)

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