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"Just having different isolated groups occupy the same building at a university does not mean cultural awareness, diversity, or an inclusive climate for all students has been attained."
(White & Rosado, 2014 p. 246)
Themes:
Al Reshoud, A., & Koeske, G. F. (1997). Arab students’ attitudes toward and amount of social contact with Americans: A causal process analysis of cross-sectional data. Journal of Social Psychology, 137(2), 235-245.
Ang, O. L. D., & Liamputtong, P. L. (2008). ‘Out of the circle’: International students and the use of university counseling services. Australian Journal of Adult Learning, 48(1), 109-127.
Barratt, M. F., & Huba, M. E. (1994). Factors related to
international undergraduate student adjustment in an American community. College Student Journal, 28, 422-435.
Berger, J. B., & Milem, J. F. (1999). The role of student involvement and perceptions of integration in a causal model of student persistence. Research in Higher Education, 40(6), 641-664.
Bochner, S., Hulnick, N., & Furnham, A. (1985). The friendship patterns of overseas and host students in an Oxford student residence. The Journal of Social Psychology, 125(6), 689-694.
Bochner, S., McLeod, B. M., & Lin, A. (1977). Friendship patterns of overseas students: A functional model. International Journal of Psychology, 12(4), 277-294.
Burch, T. (2008). Teaching and learning accounting with overseas students. People and Place, 16(1), 12-20.
Chapdelaine, R. F., & Alexitch, L. R. (2004). Social skills difficulty: Model of culture shock for international graduate students. Journal of College Student Development, 45, 167-184.
Charles-Toussaint, G. C. (2010). Prejudice against International Students: The Role of Threat Perceptions and Authoritarian Dispositions in U.S. Students. The Journal of Psychology, 144(4) 413-428.
Chataway, C. J., & Berry, J. W. (1989). Acculturation experiences, appraisal, coping, and adaptation: A comparison of Hong Kong Chinese, French, and English in Canada. Canadian Journal of Behavioral Science, 21, 295-309.
Chavajay, P. (2013). Perceived Social Support Among International Students at a U.S. University. Psychological Reports, 112(2), 667-677.
Church, A. T. (1982). ‘Sojourner Adjustment,’ Psychological Bulletin 91, 540-72.
Das, A. K. (1974). International Students: Untapped Resource for Psychological Education. Eric, 1-5.
Elder, E. (Jan 19, 2015). International, American students divided. University Wire. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/1646543533?accountid=45073
Fischer, K. (2012). Many Foreign Students Find Themselves Friendless in the U.S. Chronicle Of Higher Education, 58 (39).
FIUTS (2014). About FIUTS: Our Mission. Retrieved from http://www.fiuts.org/about
Furnam, A., & Alibhai, N. (1985). The friendship of foreign students: A replication and extension of the functional model. International Journal of Psychology, 20(6), 709-722.
Furnham, A., & Bochner, S. (1982). ‘Social difficulty in a foreign culture: an empirical analysis of culture shock’, in: Cultures in Contact. Studies in Cross-Cultural Interaction, New York: Pergamon. 161-198.
Gresham, R., & Clayton, V. (2011). Community Connections: A program to enhance domestic and international students’ educational experience. Higher Education Policy and Management, 44 (4), 363-374. DOI: 10.1080/1360080X.2011.585736
Hayes, L. H., & Lin, H. R. (1994). Coming to America: Developing social support systems for international students. Journal of Multicultural Counseling and Development, 22, 7-16.
Hechanova-Alampay, R., Beehr, T.A., Christiansen, N. D., & Van Horn, R. K. (2002). Adjustment and strain among domestic and international student sojourners. School Psychology International, 23(4), 458-474.
Hendrickson, B., Rosen, D., & Aune, R. K. (2011). An analysis of friendship networks, social connectedness, homesickness, and satisfaction levels of international students. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 35(3) p 281-295. doi:10.1016/j.ijintrel.2010.08.001.
Hudzik, J. K., & McCarthy, J. S. (2012). Leading Comprehensive Internationalization: Strategy and Tactics for Action. NAFSA: Association of International Educators. Retrieved from http://www.nafsa.org/uploadedFiles/Chez_NAFSA/Resource_Library_Assets/Publications_Library/Leading%20CIZN.pdf
Institute of International Education (2015a). Open Doors Data: International Students 2013/2014. Retrieved from http://iie.org/Research-and-Publication/Open-Doors/Data/International-Students
Institute of International Education (2015b). Open Doors Data: International Students Enrollment Trends 1948-2014. Retrieved from http://www.iie.org/Research-and-Publications/Open-Doors/Data/International-Students/Enrollment-Trends/1948-2014
Institute of International Education (2015c). Open Doors 2007 Fast Facts. Retrieved from http://iie.org/Research-and-Publications/Open-Doors/Data/Fast-Facts
Kelly, P., & Vogel, G. (2008). Perspectives on mobility, migration and well-being of international students in the Asia-Pacific. International Journal of Guidance and Counseling, 18(1) 30-46.
Kim, Y. Y. (2001). Becoming intercultural: An integrative theory of communication and cross-cultural adaption. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Lee, J. J. & Rice, C. (2007). ‘Welcome to America? International student perceptions of discrimination’. Higher Education, 53, 381-409.
Lee, J. J. (2007). Bottom line- Neo-racism toward international students. About Campus, 11(6), 28-30. DOI: 10.1002/abc.194.
Lee, J., & Salamon, W. (2004). Communication breakdown. Meanjin, 62(2), 160-168.
Maslow, A. H. (1943). A Theory of Human Motivation. Psychological Review, 50(4), 370-396.
Matross, R. (1982). American Student Attitudes toward Foreign Students Before and During an International Crisis. Journal of College Student Personnel, 23(1), 58-65.
Melnick, G. A., Kaur, G., & Yu, J. (2011). Social Integration and Academic Outcomes: The Case of an International Public Policy and Management Program. Journal of Public Affairs Education : J-PAE, 17(4) 569-584.
Menzies, J. L., & Baron, R. (2014). International postgraduate student transition experiences: the importance of student societies and friends. Innovations in Education and Teaching International, 51 (1), 84-94. DOI: 10.1080/14703297.2013.771972.
Mestenhauser, J. A. (2003). Building Bridges. International Educator, 6-11. Retrieved from https://www.nafsa.org/_/File/_/buildingbridgtesie_summer03.pdf
Montgomery, C., & McDowell, L. (2009). Social networks and the international student experience. Journal of Studies in International Education, 13(4), 455-466. doi:10.1177/1028315308321994.
Neubert, A. P. (Jan, 26, 2015). Purdue recognized for programs integrating international, American students. Purdue University News. Retrieved from http://www.purdue.edu/newsroom/releases/2015/Q1/purdue-recognized-for-programs-integrating-international,-american-students.html
Nilsson, B. (2003). Internationalization at Home From a Swedish Perspective: The case of Malmö. Journal of Studies in International Education, 7(1), 27-40.
Owens, A. R., & Loomes, S. L. (2010). Managing and resourcing a program of social integration initiatives for international university students: what are the benefits? Higher Education Policy and Management, 32 (3), 275-290. DOI: 10.1080/13600801003743364.
Poyrazli, P., Kavanaugh, R. P., Baker, A., & Al-Timimi, N. (2004). Social Support and Demographic Correlates of Acculturative Stress in International Students. Journal of College Counseling, 7, 73-82.
Poyrazli, S. & Lopez, M.D. (2007). An Exploratory Study of Perceived Discrimination and Homesickness: A Comparison of International Students and American Students. The Journal of Psychology: Interdisciplinary and Applied, 141(3) 263-80. DOI: 10.3200/JRLP.141.3.263-280.
Pruitt, F. J. (1978). The adaptation of African students to American society. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 2, 90-118.
Rienties, B., Beausaert, S., Grohnert, T., Niemantsverdriet, S., & Kommers, P. (2012). Understanding academic performance of international students: The role of ethnicity, academic and social integration. Higher Education, 63(6), 685-700. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10734-011-9468-1
Rienties, B., Héliot, Y., & Jindal-Snape, D. (2013). Understanding social learning relations of international students in a large classroom using social network analysis. Higher Education, 66(4): 489-504. DOI: 10.1007/s10734-013-9617-9.
Russell, J., Rosenthal, D., & Thomson, G. (2010). The international student experience: Three styles of adaption. Higher Education, 60(2), 235-249. DOI: 10.1007/s10734-009-9297-7.
Senyshyn, R. M., Warford, M. K., & Zhang, J. (2000). Issues of adjustment to higher education: International students’ perspectives. International Education, 30(1), 17-35.
Sovic, S. (2009). Hi-bye friends and the herd instinct: International and home students in the creative arts. Higher Education, 58(6), 747-761. DOI: 10.1007/s10734-009-9223-z.
Storti, C. (1990). The Art of Crossing Cultures. Yarmouth, ME: Intercultural Press.
Sultana, Q. & Smith, R. (2011). Evaluation of International Students’ Perceptions of Eastern Kentucky University. Oxford: The 40th Annual Conference of Mid-South Educational Research Association, 2-20. Retrieved from http://files.eric.ed.gov.fulltext/ED532280.pdf
Telbis, N. M., Helgeson, L., & Kingsbury, C. (2014). International students' confidence and academic success. Journal of International Students, 4(4), 330-341. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/1642598019?accountid=45073
Tomich, P., McWhirter, J., & Darcy, M. (2003). Personality and international students’ adaptation experience. International Education, 33(1).
University of Washington (2015). Vision and Values. Retrieved from http://washington.edu/about/visionvalues/
University of Washington Admissions (2014). Quick Facts. Enrollment: Seattle Campus Autumn 2014. Retrieved from https://admit.washington.edu/QuickFacts#enrollment
University of Washington Admissions (2015). English Proficiency. Retrieved from https://admit.washington.edu/Admission/International/EnglishProficiency
University of Washington International Student Services (2007). All International Students. International Students Profile 2007. Retrieved from http://iss.washington.edu/sites/default/files/pdfs/Studentsprofile2007.pdf
University of Washington International Student Services (2014). All International Students. International Students Profile 2014. Retrieved from http://iss.washington.edu/sites/default/files/u65/Students%20profile%202014_0.pdf
University of Washington International Student Services (2015). International Student Statistics. 2014 Students per Country. Retrieved from http://iss.washington.edu/statistics
White, W. A., & Rosado, C. (2014). How Can International Students Overcome Their Biggest Obstacle In An American University? Journal of International Education Research, 10(3), 241-247. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/1551371191?accountid=45073
Zhou, Y., Jindal-Snape, D., Topping, K. & Todman, J. (2008). Theoretical models of culture shock and adaptation in international students in higher education. Studies in Higher Education, 33(1), 63-75. DOI: 10.1080/03075070701794833.
Zhou, Y., Topping, K. J., & Jindal-Snape, D. (2011). Intercultural Adaptation of Chinese Postgraduate Students and Their UK Tutors. In L. Jin & M. Cortazzi (Eds.), Researching Chinese Learners: Skills, perceptions and intercultural adaptations. Basingstoke, New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
(FIUTS, 2015)
FIUTS connects university students with local and global communities through programs that build international awareness, cross-cultural communication, and informed leadership.
(FIUTS, 2015)
15%
85%
9%
149% increase (UW)
11% in the past year
91%
(University of Washington International Student Services, 2014)
(University of Washington Admissions, 2014)
(Institute of International Education, 2015)
(University of Washington International Student Services, 2014)
Research Questions:
1) Why are so few U.S. national students at UW Seattle involved in FIUTS?
2) Do the UW students involved in FIUTS want more U.S. national students to be involved?
Median: 41-50%
(most common)
(Kim, 2001)
Median: 21-30%
(least common)
Host-national friendships (only international students)
Median: 31-40%
(Maslow, 1943)
relationships -> sustainable
(University of Washington International Student Services, 2015)
Spread Awareness
Cross-Cultural Trainings
Other Suggestions:
(Future Day, 2015)
Given the results, what ideas do you have to reduce the gap?