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To undermine the power of aristocratic families Solon changed the qualifications for political power from lineage to wealth. He also gave the General Assembly real power, he gave them the final decision of electing public officials and created a council of citizens to act as judgens.
Then the city of Athens elected a man named Solon. To solve athens economic woes he encouraged the planting and export of olive and oil. To solve the social problems Solon abolished debt slavery and declared illegal for one Athenian to wn another
Most Greek states took the form of oligarchy ruled by a few powerfull aristocratic families. In times of crisis or civil war Greek cisty states would elect a tirant to steer the state until his term ended or the crisis had passed.
Some city-states retained the position of the king and his power was greatly reduced and it derived from the constitution.
For most of history people in ancient Greek have been ruled by either a monarchy lidershipped by a single person, or an oligarchy, lidershipped by a select few.
Around the time of the Bronze Age collapse, city states city states overthrew their kings and estabilished constitutional government.
Around 590 BCE the Athenians were in the middle of economic social political moral crisis.
Then Athens was ruled by nine archons that were elected for one year terms by a council of former archons called "The Areopagus"