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Using Punctuation
Using Punctuation
for clear and effective writing
Example
Type of Phrase
Direct Addresses, or a sentence directed to a named, specific person
If you study hard, Joshua, you should have no trouble passing.
Example 2
Commas and Appositives
Commas
Type of Phrase
Example
Appositives and other nonessential elements are not necessary parts of sentences. They interrupt sentences to add information. If removed, the sentence retains its meaning.
Mr. Gray, the teacher, has high expectations for his class.
Appositive, or a phrase that renames or further identifies a noun.
Here's where it gets trickier.
The comma has several uses. One is to separate parts of a sentence, such as items in a series.
Do this when you use more than two nouns, verbs, adjectives, or adverbs in a series. The final item is usually introduced b a conjunction such as and or or. Use a comma before the conjunction.
ex. We ate sopes, enchiladas, and nachos for dinner.
Example
End Marks
Punctuation
End marks are used to end sentences. End marks can be a period, a question mark, or an exclamation point.
Stating information? Use a period.
ex. I got a haircut this weekend
Asking for a response? Use a question mark.
ex. Why do you work so late
Want to show strong emotion or excitement? Use an exclamation point! (But don't.)
ex. Help Please hurry, doctor
There are many types of punctuation marks that separate and clarify parts of a sentence, such as periods, commas, question marks, apostrophes, and quotation marks. There are also rules for each type. Using the correct punctuation will help clarify meaning to your audience.