aerobic and anaerobic metabolism

ANAEROBIC METABOLISM

AEROBIC AND ANAEROBIC METABOLISM

DIFFERENCE IN THE EFFICIENCY

The amount of energy generated by anaerobic metabolism is less than one-tenth of what is produced by aerobic metabolism. When one glucose molecule is converted into lactic acid in anaerobic metabolism, three ATP molecules are generated. When a glucose molecule is converted into carbon dioxide and water via aerobic metabolism, it produces 39 molecules of ATP. However, glycolysis requires powerful enzymes that compensate for the lower energy efficiency of anaerobic metabolism. What limits the anaerobic process is the lactic acid. The accumulation of lactic acid in the muscles causes a burning sensation, pain and fatigue, slowing down athletes who perform anaerobic activities. Due to this using the anaerobic metabolism for to long can cause injuries or problems with the muscles.

When an organism needs to rapidly increase its energy supply, anaerobic metabolism allows it to do so immediately instead of waiting for enough oxygen to fuel increased aerobic metabolism. It can also be used in combination with aerobic metabolism when high energy levels are needed.Anaerobic metabolism is the biological processes that produce energy for an organism without using oxygen. It is based on chemical reactions within the body in which carbohydrates are broken down to release chemical energy. This process occurs primarily when an organism needs a sudden, short-term burst of energy or during periods of intense exertion. It is less productive than the aerobic metabolism,while in the aerobic metabolism between 34 and 39 ATP are made in the anaerobic there are only 2 ATP made.

ANAEROBIC METABOLISM

Anaerobic metabolism is based on a metabolic pathway, or series of chemical reactions in the body, called glycolysis. Glycolysis begins with the sugar glucose (C6H12O6) and, through a series of chemical reactions and intermediate compounds, uses them to produce ATP. This process is considerably less energy efficient than aerobic metabolism of glucose and produces fewer molecules of ATP per molecule of glucose, which is why the body will try to rely on aerobic metabolism to the greatest extent possible and uses anaerobic metabolism primarily when aerobic metabolism alone is inadequate.

MAIN DIFFERENCES

HOW DOES IT WORK

WHEN DO WE USE AEROBIC METABOLISM AND WHEN DO WE USE ANAEROBIC?

3RD STAGE OF AEROBIC METABOLISM

When you perform short and intense activities that require maximal energy, you rely on your anaerobic metabolism. For example, the energy used to run a 100-meter sprint is about 100 percent anaerobic. The primary nutrient for this type of exercise is carbohydrates. If you’re performing a low-intensity physical activity over a long period of time, such as running a marathon, you’ll draw the majority of ATP from aerobic metabolism. For these types of activities, fat becomes the chief fuel source. Some activities require the use of both types of metabolism. For example, if you’re cycling in a long distance race, your body will draw on your anaerobic metabolism for a short-term energy boost to climb a hill

Aerobic metabolism converts fat and carbohydrate into units of cellular energy called ATP, which stands for adenosine triphosphate . Aerobic metabolism is very efficient, producing 3 molecules of ATP from every molecule of glucose, compared to the two ATP molecules anaerobic metabolism generates. Aerobic metabolism is also the only means by which your cells can use fat for fuel, which is part of the reason why aerobic activities like swimming or cycling are such an effective means to lose weight.

The 3rd stage of aerobic metabolism is called the electron transport chain and occurs on the inner membrane of the mitochondria. In this step, the energy-rich molecules derived from the citric acid cycle are used to sustain a gradient of positive charge, called a chemiosmotic gradient, that is used to generate many molecules of ATP. This step generates the most ATP out of the aerobic metabolism process, creating an average of about 32 ATP molecules. After the electron transport chain has generated ATP, the energy rich molecules are free to be reused by the citric acid cycle.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

https://healthyliving.azcentral.com/aerobic-anaerobic-metabolism-14829.html

https://healthfully.com/452323-aerobic-metabolism.html

https://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-aerobic-metabolism.htm

AEROBIC METABOLISM

1ST AND 2ND STAGES OF THE AEROBIC METABOLISM

Aerobic metabolism uses oxygen to remove energy from glucose and stores it in a biological molecule called adenosine triphosphate (ATP). ATP is the human body's source of energy, and breaking apart ATP molecules releases energy that is used for a lo of processes, including movement of molecules across membranes. Aerobic metabolism is also called aerobic respiration, cellular respiration, and aerobic cellular respiration.It is divided in three stages.

• The first stage of aerobic metabolism is called glycolysis. Glycolysis happens in the cytoplasm of the cell. Complex sugars are broken down into glucose by a variety of enzymes, and this glucose is then broken down further into two molecules of pyruvic acid.The energy released by this breakdown is stored in two molecules of ATP
• In the second stage of aerobic metabolism, called the citric acid cycle, the two molecules of pyruvate are used to create energy-rich reducing molecules that are used later on in the respiration process. Some of these molecules can be converted directly to ATP if necessary, although this doesn't always happen. Water and carbon dioxide are produced as waste products from this cycle, which is the reason human beings breathe in oxygen and breathe out carbon dioxide. The citric acid cycle, like glycolysis, yields 2 ATP