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African Slave Trade (1600-1700s)
5
Transcript
THE END
Impact of Slave Trade
Cultural Diffusion
The slave trade spread ideas and goods amongst civilizations
African Slave Trade 1600-1700s
Each country/civilization was able to inherit the different customs that the trade brought
Orgins of the Afrcian Slave Trade
- Portuguese were the first Europeans to extensively explore the African Coast
Europeans change Slavery
- Some scholars believed that the Portuguese established themselves on the West African Coast to control trade coming from Asia and Afrcica.
- The europeans brought new weapons and military techniques to Africa.
- The Europeans needed cheap labor to work on mines and plantation of the new American colonies. They orginally used Native Americans but alot died from disease or escaped and returned home.
- Due to a rivalry between the Europeans and the Moors, the Portuguese were accustomed to black slave labor.
- The initial load of black slaves arrived in Portugal in 1441.
1511: Spain and Portugal transport slaves to Americas.
- Portuguese used slaves in Brazil for their sugar plantations.
- They treated their slaves so bad that women were unable to have children due to beatings and malnutrition.
- Today there is a strong African influence on the Carribean, Brazil, and in the Americas.
1600-1700: 1.5M slaves transported
- Traditions, music, dance, food, culture
Labor Needed
Triangular Trade Routes
European countries, such as the Netherlands, Britain, and France, needed labor to work on their tobacco, sugar, and coffee plantataions.
Europeans got slaves from black Africans who traded war captives for items, especially guns. Because of the trade of manufactured goods for slaves, trading routes developed.
Britain:
- Transported 1.7M slaves to the West Indies
- Trasported 400,000 slaves to North America
- Over one route, ships from Europe transported manufactured goods to the west coast of Africa. There, traders exchanged the goods for slaves.
- Next, the slaves were carried across the Atlantic Ocean to the West Indies and sold for huge profits. This part of the route was known as the middle passage.
- Ships from the New England Colonies carry rum and other products to Africa, where they were exchanged for slaves.
- The ships then transported the slaves to the West Indies to be sold.
Middle Passage
Voyage across Atlantic Ocean to the Americas.
Conditions:
- Slaves were chained below deck: they could barely move
- Below the deck the conditions were very filty - slaves usually laid in human waste: vomit and other things
- It was very difficult to breathe
- They were fed very little
- Disease was common and there were alot of deaths- 2M
- Captains of the ships often beat the slaves
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