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All in all ancient Rome was a pretty incredible place, despite hundreds of political assassinations, ruthless conquest, and corruption Rome still managed to design some of the greatest inventions, concepts, and structures in all of history. Not to mention they created they idea of a republic, which helped to form our government into what it is today.
Concrete was another detrimental creation of the Romans. Concrete allowed the Romans to build bigger and more stable structures than any other civilization before them. The Romans used concrete as a type of glue between supports on buildings and as final layer of pavement on their vast road networks.
One such idea was the concept of the Roman Legion. A legion of Romans was a unit of five thousand soldiers. Rome's legions were the secret to its incredible success in the ancient world, because they were the first armies to employ specialists onto the battlefield, such as calvary. It was through Rome's legions that the Roman Empire was able to acquire the slaves and precious materials needed to be a rich nation.
A great invention of the Romans was the creation of the arch support technique. This very intuitive technique of support allowed large weights to be held up with a fewer amount of supports than ever before. It worked so well by forcing the weight to be distributed down to the supports through an arch-like connection between the supports of the structure. Through this type of support technique the Romans were able to build larger buildings than any civilizations before them.
On the political side Rome created the first respublica, which we now know as a republic, or government by the people. This new form of government was a step farther down the line from the democracy in found in Athens. The reason why this is true is, because in Athenian democracy citizens had direct input on government whereas in the Roman republic citizens elected officials to govern them. This system of government worked fairly well for Rome until the Romans decided that one person could do the job of the entire senate and they elected their first dictator, Julius Caesar.
Another neat invention of the Romans was the creation of the first sewer and waste removal systems. The advent of the sewer system in ancient Rome allowed large cities to remain highly sanitary. This invention was in many ways an extension of the aqueducts, because without the aqueducts there would have been no running water in order to remove the waste.
Perhaps the most lasting of the Roman engineering achievements was the creation of the first aqueducts. These incredible feats of design allowed Roman cities that were heavily populated to be built far from any clean water source. They did this by using the force of gravity to flow water from a clean source of water high in the foothills on the bridge like structure, known as the aqueduct, to populated areas where the water was needed. This allowed for the creatoin of huge cities.
The Romans also had some pretty good ideas about military strategies and politics.
However, some of their engineering achievements and inventions were HUGE
for their time.
Another amazing structure built by the Romans was the Wall of Britannia. For centuries the Roman Empire had been unable to conquer the very northern most part of what is now Great Britain. Also, since they were unable to conquer all of Britannia the Romans were always fighting with the Britannics, so to solve their problem the Romans simply built a wall and double trench system from one end of Britain to the other to keep the possible invaders out. along with the wall the Romans built a series of several forts and checkpoints along the Wall of Britannia.
A great achievement of the Romans was the creation of their complex, efficient, and paved road system. This incredible system of roads and concrete pathways allowed the citizens, and legions, of Rome to move freely around the empire without worries regarding the weather or being bogged down while on their journey. The complexity involved in making the roads able to do the things that they could, such as drain rainwater and hold an entire Roman legion, proved the genius of the designers who created them.
Yet another amazing structure built by the Romans was the Bridge of Germania. This bridge was incredibly strong and stable; however, it was built at an astonishing speed. The story behind this bridge is of Julius Caesars conquest of Germania. For years the Romans had never been able to conquer the other half of an area called Germania, due to Rhine river. However, Julius Caesar refused to return to Rome without defeating the Germanic tribes. So to cross the Rhine river Caesar simply told his architects and troop[s to build a makeshift bridge across the Rhine. Once the bridge was complete, Caesar and his men crossed, then burnt the bridge down to show the confidence they had in a total victory
The Ancient Roman Empire was a pretty big place...
One such building was the Coliseum. The Coliseum was a gift from the emperors of Rome to the citizens to entertain them. Inside the Coliseum gladiators fought each other and exotic animals from the farthest reaches of the empire. Also the coliseum was where people who were found guilty of certain crimes were executed. Although today this sounds gruesome, back then two people slitting each other's throats for money or power like the gladiators was commonplace. Nevertheless, the Coliseum was by far the most advanced structure ever assembled for its time. Essentially it was the equivalent of a football stadium today with wide passages, food venders, and entry gates. Everyone within the Coliseum could exit the complex in about ten or so minutes, which is exceptional considering that there were several thousand people in the Coliseum when it was fully packed.
Aside from utilities, design concepts, and sturdy building materials the Romans also created some of the most incredible, and innovative buildings and structures in all of history.
Rome
It wasn't quite that big though.
Now that you understand some of the achievements of Rome here are some videos to relate them to you in a slightly more humorous manor.