The black death originated central Asia and spread to Europe. It started because of unclean rodents (hamsters etc.) who had infected fleas.
Black Death: the epidemic form of bubonic plague experienced during the Middle Ages when it killed nearly half the people of western Europe.
Rats carried flees to spread the Black plague across Europe. For example, an infected flea (host) infects a human whom another flea bites and becomes infected, and so on. Once the mutated plague became airborne, the plague spread even more rapidly.
Started from Central Asia it was carried east and west along the Silk Road, by Mongol armies and traders making use of the opportunities of free passage within the Mongol Empire offered by the Pax Mongolica.
It started in 1346 and ended in the 19th century
here were 75 million people that were killed by the Black Death, also known as the Bubonic Plague.
A simple answer First, while the Black Death affected all classes, the largest impact was on the lower classes and peasants. Given the labor intensiveness of agriculture, a significant loss of agricultural workers resulted in the need to offer higher wages in order to attract laborers. Second, the dramatic decrease of the population seems to have led to an increase in consumption. The quickness and randomness with which the Black Death struck seemed to have created a mentality of "enjoy life now before it's too late." Thus, there was a general economic expansion created by the higher wages (and therefore, higher purchasing power) as well as economic growth fueled by higher consumption and demand for goods. However, all these increases were inflationary. This had a kind of shock effect on the economy which led to controls on wages and prices. Also, the decreased population led to the lower aggregate collections of poll and other taxes. And there seems to have been an unexplained increase in warfare which increased the costs of "states." These increased costs led to increased taxation which in turn led to increased "peasant's revolts" against this increased taxation. The decades following the Black Death have the largest concentrations of revolts.
The power of the Church was absolute; it was a government, a religion, and a mindset that had rooted itself deeply in the hearts of all Europe’s inhabitants - even the rebels. The Church massacred opposing rebels and drove them from society
Baptism
Confirmation
The Eucharist
Confession
Holy Matrimony
Holy Orders
Anointing of the Sick
The Church had a great deal of influence in medieval Europe,not least through its monopoly on installing bishops, abbots, and other powerful offices. There were a number of points in the medieval period in which the 'secular' state attempted to assert its independence of Church control
purpose of the sacraments
The Sacraments are visible signs instituted by Christ in order to transmit and confer grace on a willing soul. Thus, they are divine helps to aid the human soul on its journey through life, in order that the soul can become closer to God and participate in His divine life, and ultimately attain heaven.