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Effects of Colonialism: Somalia (Civil War)

Impact On Land

  • Italy maintained control of Italian Somaliland as a part of its African empire (including Ethiopia and Eritrea) until 1941.
  • During WWII Great Britain took over these areas and ruled them as military protectorates until 1949.
  • During that time the newly formed United Nations granted Italy a trusteeship over most of present-day Somalia.
  • The British maintained a trusteeship over what is know today as the state of Somaliland.

Somalia is located on the coast of Eastern Africa

  • One of the first uprising against colonialism occurred when Somalis wanted to push the Ethiopians out of the Ogaden region but then went to target European colonists as well.
  • The Dervish State, who was led by headed Mohammed Abdille Hassan, organized a religious-based war of resistance against the Ethiopians and British from 1899 to 1920.
  • That caused the death of nearly one third of northern Somalia’s population. Great Britain defeated Hassan in 1920.

Impact of Colonialism on People

How did colonialism affect Somalian history?

  • Between July 2011 and Mid 2012 Somalia and neighboring countries experienced "the worst drought in 60 years".
  • A famine is extreme scarcity of food in
  • With all the countries efforts being put toward fighting a civil war
  • This led Somalians to take refuge in bordering countries Kenya and Ethiopia.
  • Western countries did not want to assist Somalians in an attempt "to weaken" the militant group Al Shabaab.
  • This led Somalian refugees to live in poor conditions.

Question

"A Complex Crisis: Conflict and Climate Affecting Somalis"

Current Condition Cont.

Somalia has been involved in a civil war since January 31, 2009 which means it has been 7 years, 9 months and 16 days since its start.

Current Condition

  • The civil war in Somalia is so bad, American forces are intervening to help control the violence
  • Al Shabaab is a militant group that has ties to Al Qaeda, are threats to American soldiers in Somalia
  • Other countries besides America have tried to help like the neighboring country Ethiopia
  • The security council imposed an embargo against the country of Somalia
  • Al Shabaab group have become a dominant force in Somalia, by killing generals, bombing restaurants, and attacking police headquarters
  • Making America take on a bigger role

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