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The early post-liberation period was marked by a kind of “struggle of mind and spirit”.
posed by the sudden emancipation from the enemy, and the wild desire to see print.
Some of the writers and their works of the periods are:
"Without seeing the Dawn" by Stevan Javellanas
In 1946, the barangay writers whose aim was to publish works in English by Filipinos was established.
In 1958- the PEN Center of the Philippines was inaugurated.
Francisco Arellana published his pen anthology of short story.
A NEW FILIPINO LITERATURE
Most themes in the writings deal with:
1. Japanese brutalities
2. The poverty of life
3. The brave guerrilla exploits
tagalog poetry acquired not only rhyme but substance and meaning.
Short stories had better characters and events based on facts and realities and themes were more meaningful
Novels became common but were still read by the people for recreation.
Many books were published during this time, among which were:
4. Mga Piling Sanaysay (1952) by Alejandro Abadilla
5. Maikling Katha ng Dalawampung Pangunahing Autor (1962) by A.G. Abadilla and Ponciano E.P. Pineda
6. Parnasong Tagalog (1964) collection of selected poems by Huseng Sisiw and Balagtas, collected by A.G. Abadilla
7. Sining at Pamamaraan ng Pag-aaral ng Panitikan (1965) by Rufino Alejandro.
8. Ang Maikling Kwentong Tagalog (1886-1948) by
Teodoro Agoncillo
9. Manlilikha, Mga Piling Tula (1961-1967) by Rogelio G. Mangahas
10. Mga Piling Akda ng Kadipan (Kapisanang Aklat ng Diwa at Panitik) 1965 by Efren Abueg
11. Makata (1967) first cooperative effort to publish the poems of 16 poets in Pilipino
12. Pitong Dula (1968) by Dionisio Salazar
13. Manunulat: Mga Piling Akdang Pilipino (1970) by Efren Abueg. In this book, Abueg proved that it is possible to have a national integration of ethnic culture in our country.
14. Mga Aklat ni Rizal: Many books about Rizal came out during this period. The law ordering the additional study of the life of Rizal helped a lot in activating our writers to write books about Rizal.
PERIOD OF THE BLOODY PLACARDS
Almost themes in most writings dealt with the development of the country.
Like the green revolution, family planning, proper nutrition, environment, drug addiction and pollution.
Themes of Poems
Those who wrote poetry
Many more composers added their bit during this period. Among them were:
In 1977, the tales of Manuvu , a new style of rock of the ballet opera was also added to these presentations.
Radio continued to be patronized during this period.
The Play Series
Popular Television Plays were
Yearly Filipino Film Festival was held during this time. During the festival which lasted usually for a month, only Filipino films were shown in all theaters in Metro Manila.
1. Maynila sa kuko ng liwanag written by Edgardo Reyes and filmed under the direction of Lino Brocka. Bembol Roco was the lead role.
2. Minsa'y isang gamu-gamo; Nora Aunor was the principal performer here.
3. Aguila led by Fernando Poe Jr., Jay Ilagan and Christopher de Leon
COMICS, MAGAZINES AND OTHER PUBLICATIONS
During this period of the New Society, newspapers donned new forms. News on economic progress, discipline, culture, tourism and the like were favored more than the sensationalized reporting of killings, rape and robberies.
The leading papers during this period were
FILIPINO POETRY
POETRY IN ENGLISH DURING THE THIRD REPUBLIC
Most especially, during the wake of the tragic Benigno Aquino Jr.'s incident.
Alfredo Navarro Salanga, a consistent writer of Philippine Panorama Magazine in his column " Post-Pradal Reflections" aptly said it: “darkness in the mind and soul is how some forgotten poet puts it. Its suddenness was so profound that we couldn’t but react to it in any other way.”
Books of the period
July 4, 1946
The Philippines regained its freedom and the Filipino flag waved joyously alone. The chain were broken.
Campus newspapers showed rebellious emotions.
The Americans returned in 1945. Filipinos rejoiced and guerillas who fled to the mountain joined the liberating American Army.
The youth became completely rebellious during this period. This was proven not only in the bloody demonstrations and in the sidewalk expressions but also in literature.
They held pens and wrote on placards in red paint the equivalent of the word MAKIBAKA!
The once aristocratic writers developed awareness for society.
3. Ako’y Isang Tinig (1952) by
Genoveva Edroza Matute
1. Mga Piling Katha (1947-48) by
Alejandro Abadilla
The seeds of activism resulted in the declaration of Martial Law in 1972. We can, however, say that he seeds were earlier sown from the times of Lapu-lapu, Lakandula, and Rizal. The revolution against the powerful forces in the Philippines can be said to be the monopoly of the youth in whose veins flow the fire in their blood. What Rizal said of the youth being the hope of the Fatherland –is still valid even today.
The irreverence for the poor reached its peak during this period of the mass revolution. It was also during this period that Bomba films that discredit our ways as Filipinos started to come out.
PALANCA AWARDEES FOR LITERATURE IN ENGLISH
Established in 1950, the Palanca Memorial Awards for Literature had been giving cash prizes for short story, poetry and one-act play writing as an incentive to Filipino writers. The prizes come from La Tondena, Inc., the firm founded by the late Carlos Palanca Sr.
ENGLISH SHORT STORY
ENGLISH POETRY
Pineda also said that this was the time when the youth once more proved that it is not the constant evasion that shapes our race and nationalism.There is a limit to one’s patience. It may explode like a volcano if overstrained.Life? What avails like if one is a coward who does not take a stand for himself and for the succeeding generations?
The Period of the New Society started on September 21, 1972.
The new society tried to stop pornography or those writings giving bad influences on the morals of people
Carlos Palanca Awards continued to give the annual awards
RADIO AND TELEVISION
The Play Under the New Society
The government led in reviving old plays and dramas, like Tagalog Zarzuela, Cenaculo, and the Embayoka of the Muslims.
The Children’s Communication Center (CCC) directed by poet and writer Virgilio S. Almario, already has built up an impressive collection of these kinds of books.
MEDIA OF 1983
"It was a year of ferment, and change, of old problems made more oppressive by the new throbbing beat of the times.”
- Sheila S. Coronel, PANORAMA staff
For journalists, it was a year loaded with libel charges, lawsuits and seditious trials which they gallantly bore as harassment suits.
The following organizations contributed a lot to the development of plays during this period:
THE PROSE (FABLES)
The people’s cry of protest found outlets not only in poetry but also in veiled prose fables which transparently satirized the occupants of Malacañang. Among those that saw prints were:
1. The Emperor's New Underwear by Meynardo A. Macaraig
2. The King's Cold by Babeth Lolarga
3. The Case of the Missing Charisma ( Unfinished ) by Sylvia L. Mayuga
THE STATE OF PHILIPPINE LITERATURE IN ENGLISH AT THIS TIME
Isagani Cruz, writing about Philippine literature in the “Age of Ninoy,”makes the following observations:
“Philippines literature is definitely changing,”and he summarizes these as follows:
OVERVIEW OF THE LITERATUE DURING THE NEW SOCIETY
After ten years of military rule and some changes in the life of the Filipino which started under the New Society, Martial rule was at last lifted on January 2, 1981.
FILIPINO SONGS
LIWAYWAY had been an old-time favorite of the Filipinos since 1920.
other magazines were kislap and bulaklak
PHILIPPINE FILMS DURING THE PERIOD
Poems during this period of the Third Republic were romantic and revolutionary. Writers wrote openly of their criticism against the government. The supplications of the people were coached in fiery, colorful, violent, profane and insulting language.
Many Filipino songs dealt with themes that were really true-to-life like those of grief, poverty, aspirations for freedom, love of God, of country and of fellowmen.
Bilingual education which was initiated by the Board of National Education as early as 1958 and continued up to the period of Martial Rule in September 21, 1972, resulted in the deterioration of English in the different levels of education. The focus of education and culture was on problems of national identity, on re-orientation, renewed vigor and a firm resolves to carry out plans and programs.
The yearly Festival of Filipino Films continued to be held during this period. The people’s love for sex films also was unabated.