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Exaggeration of reactions to meet others' expectations
EX: You receive a gift and try to look completely surprised, excited, and delighted.
Understatement of reactions to meet others' expectations
EX: You receive an A on a speech; a friend receives a C. You tone down your elation, just in case your friend feels bad about receiving a lower grade.
Includes all behavior, symbols, attributes, or objects--whether intended or not--that communicate messages with social meaning.
Facial Management Techniques
Tactile, or touch, communication; one of the most basic forms of communication
Avoidance of any emotional expression in a situation
EX: You show no fear or sadness when, although fear or sadness may be justified, you don't want to show your emotions.
Replacement of one expression with another considered more appropriate for the situation.
EX: You smile when a friend wins a scholarship and you don't, even though you think you deserve it.
These translate directly into words and are used for specific words or phrases.
EX: A hitchhiker's extended thumb.
These control, monitor, or maintain interaction between or among speakers and listeners.
EX: Eye contact, shift in posture, nod of the head, looking at a clock or wristwatch.
The most intimate level of personal contact with another
EX: Sexual touch behavior includes foreplay and intercourse
-Nonverbal Communication occurs constantly
-Nonverbal Communication depends on context
-Nonverbal Communication is more believable than verbal communication
-Nonverbal Communication is a primary means of expression
Nonverbal Communication is related to culture
-Nonverbal Communication is ambiguous
Unsympathetic, impersonal, cold, or businesslike touch.
EX: A doctor touches a patient during a physical examination.
Acknowledges another person according to the norms or rules of a society
EX: Two people shake hands in American culture or kiss in other culture or kiss in other cultures to greet one another.
These are body movements that express emotions.
EX: Sad face, slouching, jumping up and down
These accent, reinforce, or emphasize a verbal message.
EX: A child holding up his hands to indicate how tall he is while saying, "I'm a big boy".
Occurs in romantic relationships between lovers and spouses
EX: Two people hug, caress, embrace, and kiss
Paralanguage/Vocalics
Expresses an appreciation of the special attributes of another or warm feelings for another
EX: Two men or two women meet in an airport, hug, and walk off with their arms around each other
These help one feel at ease in communication situations.
EX: Scratching, smoothing hair, playing with coins, putting hands in front of the face, moving closer to someone