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Chapter 10: Creating a Supportive Language Learning Environment

Chapter 11: Supporting Beginning Language Learners

  • Mainstream classroom exposure
  • English speaking partner
  • Bilingual tutors and volunteers

Functional Language

Copying and Labeling

Providing Comprehensive Instruction

Visual Support:

Physical Activities

  • Photographs, Flash Cards,
  • Physical Objects
  • Manipulatives

Songs and Role Playing

  • Classroom objects
  • Places in school
  • Names and titles
  • What is your name? My name is...
  • Will you help me?
  • What is this? This is...

Print Rich Environment

  • Prior Knowledge
  • Visual support

Language Experience Stories

  • Context

Stories on Tape

Games and Puzzles

Comprehensive Strategies

  • Signal key ideas
  • Simplify Vocabulary
  • Teach key words
  • Clear Instructions
  • Repeat and Rehearse
  • Oral rehearsal
  • Check for comprehension
  • Recycle
  • Naturally and slowly
  • Print
  • Figurative and idiomatic
  • Concrete visual support
  • Response time
  • Key visuals
  • Simplify sentence structure
  • Peer tutors
  • Alternative resources
  • Emphasize
  • Reduce anxiety
  • Non-verbal cues

Cooperative Learning

Supportive Feedback

  • Responding to oral errors
  • Practice English
  • Indirect feedback
  • Receive feedback
  • Direct instruction for habitual errors
  • Understand students
  • Carefully structured
  • English speakers in class
  • Purposeful talk

Cooperative Learning Activities

  • Group Brainstorming
  • Group rehearsal

Responding to Written Language

  • Three step interview
  • Read past mistakes
  • Jigsaw groups
  • Be selective
  • Cooperative project
  • Focus corrections
  • Select common errors
  • Don't correct students
  • Incorporate writing in class
  • Be patient

Developing Sociolinguistic Skills

  • Instruction in conversational strategies
  • Disagreement
  • Taking turns
  • Offer help
  • Purposeful talk

higher understanding of English communication

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