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ARMAND FIZEAU

BIOGRAPHY

Sources

Facts

Early Life

Early Life

  • https://www.google.ca/search?q=daguerreotype+photography+of+the+sun&source=lnms&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi3-LmF95DTAhXmz4MKHQtvCZwQ_AUIBSgA&biw=1525&bih=685&dpr=0.9#q=daguerreotype+photography
  • https://www.aps.org/publications/apsnews/201007/physicshistory.cfm
  • http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/history/Biographies/Fizeau.html
  • https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fizeau%E2%80%93Foucault_apparatus
  • https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fizeau%E2%80%93Foucault_apparatushttps://www.google.ca/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=16&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwiHxYKs1JHTAhUC8IMKHR-yDO4QtwIIajAP&url=https%3A%2F%2F
  • www.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3Dh_UMabvPrws&usg=AFQjCNG6StVzSFd1wiHLVg6J-FBUb9GYmw

Near the End of Fizeau's Life

Date of Birth: September 23, 1819

Birth Place: Paris, France

Date of Death: September 18, 1896

Profession: Physicist

He was one of the first people to take a detailed picture of the sun.

It was when he was studying astronomy with Francois Arago did he learn about the attempts to calculate the speed of light

Armand Fizeau Timeline

Birth

1860

1849

1896

Became a member of the Académie des Sciences

Born 23 September 1819 in Paris to Louis and Beatrice Fizeau.

Calculated value speed of light to a be 313,300 kilometers per second. Publishes the first results obtained by his experiment for determining the speed of light in 1849

1839

1863

Died on 18, September 1896 in Venteuil of north-France

Appointed superintendent of physics at the École Polytechnique, Paris.

1853

Became interested in Daguerrotype photography, then teamed up with French scientist Jean-Bernard-Leon Foucault.

1878

1845

Fizeau described the use of the capacitor as a means to increase the efficiency of the induction coil.

Becomes a member of Bureau des Longitudes

The two men take the first detailed photograph of the sun

Armand Fizeau's had two daughters and one son. His wife died at a young age, soon after her death he moved to his home near Jouarre. From that point forward he rarely went to Paris for meetings at Academy of Science, which he was a member of, or the Bureau des Longitudes which was another science institution.

Armand Fizeau had a long line of relatives who were in the medical field. However, Armand was never interested in pursing a career in the medical field. Fizeau was the son of a physicist and professor of medicine, who left Fizeau a considerable fortune when he died. Without having to worry about making a living, he was able to pursue in whatever career he wanted. He wanted to be a physicist, but in the end he chose to study astronomy.

Pictures

  • https://www.google.ca/search?q=fizeau+experiment+speed+of+light&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjMk7HytZjTAhWj14MKHf_bBOEQ_AUICCgB&biw=1525&bih=685#imgrc=2vFgRuiTuWHqRM:
  • https://www.google.ca/search?q=fizeau+experiment+speed+of+light&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjMk7HytZjTAhWj14MKHf_bBOEQ_AUICCgB&biw=1525&bih=685#imgrc=pVX5hRbaxraNvM:
  • https://www.google.ca/search?q=fizeau+experiment+speed+of+light&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjMk7HytZjTAhWj14MKHf_bBOEQ_AUICCgB&biw=1525&bih=685#tbm=isch&q=fizeau+speed+of+light+experiment+apparatus&imgrc=7BvnLq4vBZihgM:
  • https://www.google.ca/search?q=fizeau+experiment+speed+of+light&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjMk7HytZjTAhWj14MKHf_bBOEQ_AUICCgB&biw=1525&bih=685#tbm=isch&q=daguerreotype+picture+of+sun&imgdii=MjHdIjri-8gvOM:&imgrc=ptQXGsa0EVlnIM:

What is the Speed of Light

Speed of light in its simplest form is defined as the distance light travels within seconds. This is significant in physics as knowing the speed of light lets us understand and predict the behavior of the universe. Such as electromagnetic wave propagation.

Table of Contents

  • Biography of Armand Fizeau
  • Timeline
  • Date of the experiment
  • Visual representation
  • Procedure
  • Comparison between the results

The Result

taber@hotmail.ca

Fizeau calculated the speed of light to be 313, 300, 000m/s. This was only 5% off from the actual value of 299, 792 458m/s. The result varied slightly as Fizeau could not visually estimate the minimum intensity of the light being blocked by the teeth of a cogwheel. However, this experiment contributed significantly to the Foucault's representation of measuring the light, ultimately getting the correct measurement of the speed.

Procedure

  • light is pointed towards spinning cogwheel
  • Light goes through teeth and reflects back
  • wheel spun at max
  • light goes through one slit, reflects out the next
  • calculated speed of wheel spinning with distance between mirror and cogwheel

Foucault's Improvement

Then Foucault improved on Fizeau’s experiment by replacing the cog wheel with a rotating mirror. This is known as the Fizeau-Foucault Apparatus.

Measuring the Speed of Light

After his work with Foucault, Fizeau became interested with trying to measure the speed of light. He did this with a cog wheel, a light source, a mirror and a semi-reflective mirror. We will get into the procedure in a moment.

Daguerreotype Photographs

Fizeau later became interested in daguerreotype photography. He teamed up with another French scientist, Jean Bernard Leon Foucault, and they attempted to bring this process to astronomy. Ten years later the two men were the first people on the planet to take a detailed photograph of the sun.

Daguerreotype Photography Definition

This is a picture taken on a highly polished silver-plated sheet of copper that is then sensitized with iodine vapors. The picture is exposed in a large box camera, developed with mercury fumes and fixed with salt water.

The measurement of the Speed of Light: Armand Fizeau

By: Daniel Lee, Jayden Kallusky, Taber Collins and Ambar Roy

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