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Slave Trade and Labor Roles

  • 2/3 of all exported slaves were males
  • Slavers preferred young men (14-35)
  • By late 18th century: 2/3 of the population were women
  • Practice of polygamy

Women and Labor Roles

  • Female slaves much of farm produce that supported growth of ruling classes
  • Very crucial to economic and political development
  • Women's political and economic power varied across the region due to the nature of stratification among women, strength of women's networks and character of women's obligations to kinship relations

Women and Political Rights

  • They were petty traders and supported craft producers, long-distance traders and religious specialists in the newly developing urban areas.

1450 - 1750 Sub-Saharan Africa

Gender Roles

  • Increasing slavery on women.

Women and Resistance in Angola

  • Free women benefited from other women slavery
  • Queen Nzinga (reigned 1623-1663)

Women and Economic Opportunities in Ghana

  • Women were important in trading and social relations between cultures that were barely understood.
  • She dressed herself as a male warrior when leading troops into battle and insisted that her subjects refer to her as king than queen.
  • Domination of African women in local markets impressed European travelers
  • There were no men who stood in the public markets to trade, but only women.
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