- 1970's
- tries to combine 'Neoliberalism' and 'Neoconservatism (in support of the of a strong but minimal state)
- counter-revolution against post-1945 drift
- Thatcherism, Reaganism
The New Right
Conservatism
Wilma, Sarah and Olivia
Neoconservatism
Neoliberalism
- reasserts nineteenth-century conservative social principles
- wishes to restore authority, traditional values (family, religion and nation)
- sceptical about multiculturalism
- enemies of neoconservatism -> permissiveness
- often identified with a number of global organizations
- gathering together and explain the social policies over the past 30/40 years
- social safety net (basis for social market economy in Germany)
- redistribution of all kind of power and resources abroad
- "Is the economy well, we are all well"
"the free economy and the strong state" (1981)
Conservatism
- principles of: organicism, hierarchy and duty
- writings of Benjamin Disraeli (1804-1881)
paternalism as a combination of prudence and principle
Paternalism
- the disposition to preserve or restore what is established and traditional
fear of social revolution
the UK separated into 2 nations: the rich and the poor
an attitude or policy that demonstrates care or concern for those unable to help themselves
- "reform from above" rather than "revolution from below"
example: father and child
noblesse oblige
- obligations of the nobility
- responsibility to protect of guide the less fortunate
- DUTY is the price of PRIVILEGE
in the interests of social cohesion and unity
History
- late 18th and early 19th century
- reaction against the growing pace of economic and political change
- french revolution
- back to ancien régime
Paternalistic conservatism
- against liberalism, socialism and nationalism
- defended the traditions
- 2 different forms of conservatism emerged:
- characterized by Edmund Burke's (1729-1797) belief:
"change in order to conserve"
- more flexible
- more successful
- developed in the UK and USA
- characterized by Joseph de Maistre (1753-1821)
- autocratic
- reactionary
- rejected any idea of reform
One-Nation principle
Social market
- termed a tory
- cohesive and stable hierarchy that arises organically
- members within a society have obligations towards each other
Table of content
principles of christian democracy
- highlights the virtues of private enterprise
- social: prosperity gained should benefit most of society
+ pragmatic attitude towards economic policy
Bibliography
- Politics Book
- http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/conservatism
- http://www.wikiprogress.org/index.php/Social_cohesion
- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neoconservatism
- http://www.nytimes.com/2014/06/10/opinion/brooks-the-new-right.html
THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION :)
- importance of intermediate institutions
- churches, unions, business groups etc.
- social partnership
modern conservatism= linked to the idea of compassionate conservatism
The 'middle way' approach
- adapted by UK conservatives1950s
- 2 ideological models of economic organization:
- laissez-faire capitalism
- was free for all, so social cohesion was impossible
- state socialism and state planning
- state monolith that crushes all forms independence and enterprise
- solution: blend of market competition and government regulation
1. Definition
2. Paternalistic conservatism
3. The New Right
- Neoliberalism
- Neoconservatism
4. Key ideas
Tradition
Pragmatism.
- virtues of traditions
- respect for established customs & institutions
- reflection of accumulated wisdom over time
- social and historical belonging
- limitations of human rationality
- distrust towards abstract principles and systems
- faith is placed in experience and history
- action should be shaped by practical circumstances and goals
- 'what works'
Property.
- property ownership = security & independence from government
- encourages respect for the law & property of others
- exteriorization of people's personality
- custodians of property
Human imperfection.
- pessimistic view of human nature:
- limited, dependent, security-seeking
- drawn to the familiar, tried, tested
- needs to live in stable & orderly communities
- morally corrupt:
- selfishness, greed, thirst for power
- crime and disorder lies in the individual
- maintenance of order:
- strong state, enforcement of strict laws, stiff penalties
CONSERVATISM: Key Ideas
Authority.
- authority always exercised from above
leadership, guidance, support
- idea of natural aristocracy changed to leadership from experience and training
- source of social cohesion
- freedom must coexist with responsibility
- willing acceptance of obligations and duties
Organicism.
- society as an organic whole or living entity
- structured by natural necessity, various institutions --> health and stability of society
- shared values & common culture vital for maintaining a community and social cohesion
Hierarchy.
- gradation of social position and status = natural and inevitable in an organic society
- reflect the different roles and responsibilities
- hierarchy and inequality do not lead to conflict
- society bound together by mutual obligations & reciprocal duties
- 'situation in life' determined by birth