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Should Psychologists be able to Prescribe Medication?

Pro #1:

Statistics Say...

  • There is a steady decline in the amount of psychiatrists in the United States.
  • This has limited mental health patients’ access to quality care
  • Between 1997 and 2002, it was reported that the supply of psychiatrists decreased by 27% while the demand for such mental health services between 1997 and 2002 increased by 16%.
  • Also, about 70% of physicians found it difficult to find quality mental health care for their patients.

Prediction

The American Psychiatric Association predicts a shortage of approximately 22,000 psychiatrists for adults and 28,000 psychiatrists for children and teens by 2015.

Crucial Points

  • Many primary care physicians prescribe medications to their mentally ill patients to make up for the lack of psychiatric access but this is not always the best option.
  • Primary care physicians can’t provide follow up care and therapy that many of these patients need like a psychiatrist or psychologist can.
  • Primary health physicians aren’t specifically trained in psychopharmacology
  • A study showed that primary care physicians misdiagnosed 66% of patients suffering from major depression

The Grass is Greener On the Other Side

  • Allowing psychologists to prescribe medications would allow opportunities for more mentally ill patients to by treated.
  • Also, this could correct the misdiagnosis and under/over treatment of mentally ill patients previously seen by primary health physicians.

Yes! Psychologists should be allowed to Prescribe Medication to improve patient’s care because the demand for proper mental health care surpasses the number of psychiatrists able to provide patients with proper medications.

Blazeview Discussion

If Psychologists underwent a series of prerequisites similar to that of nurses as well as medical educational classes during graduate school, would you say that they would then be more qualified to prescribe?

Yes 53% No 47%

Pro #2:

Yes! Psychologists should be allowed to Prescribe Medication because they often have more training in counseling and therapy than Psychiatrists do which often leads to a better diagnosis of disorders.

References

Totally For It!

Definitely Against It!

IF: I believe with the correct training psychologists should be able to prescribe medication, it's just a matter of getting more education and becoming certified.

RL: I think that psychologists should be able to prescribe medicine if they do take prerequisites similar to that of nurses and as well as medical educational classes during graduate school. There is nothing like allowing somebody to do something and they have not had the proper training to do what they are doing and then mess up one person which really can affect every and anybody.

AG: I think that psychologists should not prescribe medication because they do not go to medical school so they do not know the ins and outs of medicine. I do believe like simple medications they should be able to administer. If a psychologist wants to be able to prescribe medication, they should be able to go through the same training as doctors would.

AB: In my opinion, I think that if psychologist began to prescribe medicine that the majority of psychologist will lose sense of giving therapy and rely on prescribing medicine more.

Already Accomplished By Some Psychologists

Educational Curriculum

Deeper Thinking...

Psychologists

Psychiatrists

  • In 2002, New Mexico became the first state to allow psychologists to prescribe, followed by Louisiana in 2004.
  • In both states, psychologists must earn a master's degree in psychopharmacology, which is the study of how psychiatric drugs act on the body, and then must work for one year under supervision.
  • Psychologists in the military can also prescribe medications if they complete the appropriate training.**
  • Illinois passed a bill allowing clinical psychologists that complete courses in psychopharmacology and go through supervised training to prescribe medications to mentally ill patients.
  • Most hospitals in Illinois have no psychiatric services however it is recorded that 614,000 residents of Illinois suffer from serious mental illness.

  • Many patients say they would prefer seeing one person for both their talk therapy and medications.
  • Psychologists spend more time with patients than do Psychiatrists therefore are better able to develop rapport.
  • You can use your privileges to take people off medications who have been put on them unnecessarily.
  • There great increase in "over-prescribing" by Psychiatrists... Could this be due to the lack of therapy and empathy needed to connect with patient to better access their deepened issues? I think so!

http://www.apa.org/news/press/releases/2014/06/prescribe-medications.aspx​

http://truthindrugs.com/pdf/crisis.pdf​

http://altarum.org/health-policy-blog/the-case-for-allowing-psychologists-to-prescribe-medication

http://www.foxnews.com/health/2012/08/28/psychologists-argue-for-right-to-prescribe-medicines/

http://www.psywww.com/careers/options.htm

Kramer, G.P., Bernstein, D.A., & Phares, V. (2014). Introduction to Clinical Psychology (8th ed.). New Jersey: Pearson Publishing.

Wasieleski, D. (2014). Introduction to Clinical Practices Notes. Georgia: Valdosta State University.

http://education.seattlepi.com/courses-need-become-child-psychiatrist-2120.html

http://uwm.edu/psychology/graduate/phd-program/clinical-psychology/curriculum/

DeNelsky, G. Y. (1996). The case against prescription privileges for psychologists. American Psychologist, 51(3), 207.

Harmon, C.S., Seavey, B.M., Shearer, D.S., Tiu, A.Y. (2012). The Primary Care Prescribing Psychologist Model: Medical Provider Ratings of the Safety, Impact and Utility of Prescribing Psychology in a Primary Care Setting, Published online: 27 November 2012

Walker, K. (2002). AN Ethical Dilemma: Clinical Psychologist Prescribing Medications. Frontier Health, Kingsport, Tennessee, USA Issues in Mental Health Nursing, 23:17–29, 2002

Fox, R.E., Sammons, M.T. (1998). Whether States Should Create Prescription Power For Psychologist, A History of Prescription Privileges, Monitor on Psychology., September. 1998, available at http://www.apa.org/monitor/sep98/prescrip.html.

Long, J.L. (2005). Power to Prescribe: The Debate Over Prescription Privileges for Psychologists and the Legal Issues Implicated, 29 Law & Psychology Review. 243, 248-49 (2005).

Con #1:

Con #2:

Why Not?

Military Psychologist's Perspective

  • Clients will receive medicine from psychologist as a primary treatment rather than counseling, therapy, or some sort of psychological intervention.
  • The essence of this helping profession will eventually be lost, and Psychology will not have a profound distinction as it have currently.

Colonel Bart Billings is a military Psychologist (retired after 34 years of military service) who started the first U.S. annual conference on Combat Stress more than 25 years ago. In all his years of practice with military and Vets diagnosed "PTSD" he has never once had to prescribe a mind-altering psychiatric drug.

Discussion

Psychologists lack chemistry and pharmacology education necessary to prescribe

Who is going to regulate and impose restrictions, or fines for violations on psychologist?

  • Unless this is to be a new reform and mandatory in licensing, masters and doctoral programs.
  • some states require post doctoral master’s degree in clinical pharmacology, pass an approved state board of examiners of psychologist, and? Or a certificate from the board.
  • The board does restrict, limit, and has prescriptive authority for each individual.

A Serious Matter

a. What are the guidelines, cost, and fees for allowing psychologist to prescribe?

* $312 billion is lost which mostly harms businesses and the economy in due to employee abscesses and illnesses.

*there are no current estimates on cost and benefits to psychologist doing psychiatric prescribing.( need more info).

b. How will the amenities be applied and who will benefit the community or government.

*Is patient care our number one concern

  • Do you think that Psychologist are more or less effective because they do not prescribe medicine? Why or why not?
  • Do you think Psychiatrist are more or less effective because they do not focus on psychotherapy or behavioral therapy? Why or why not?
  • After hearing our debate, do you think that Psychologist should be able to prescribe medication?

When a patient has a condition such as depression, anxiety, panic, or a sleep disorder, it is both easier and faster to turn to a prescription than to those behavioral and psychotherapeutic techniques that have been shown to be effective and more lasting, but which require more time and effort.

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