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Hawai'i: state of the Union or occupied...

In 1893, United States resident, and naturalized citizen of Hawaii, Minister John L. Stevens conspired and overthrew the constitutional government of the Hawaiian Kingdom headed by Queen Lili'uokalani.

The Spanish American War

The annexation of Hawai'i

1898, the U.S. congress declared War on Spain.

The US navy on route to the Philippines, violated Hawai'i's neutrality as well as international law when it took almost 2,000tons of coal from the islands.

In July 6, 1898, the United States Congress passed a joint resolution purporting to annex the Hawaiian Islands.

In response to this action, US Representative Thomas H. Ball of Texas called it, "an deliberate attempt to do unlawfully that which cannot lawfully be done."

Was the Hawaiian Kingdom a recognized independent state?

Sai, David Keanu, "Ameican Occupation of The Hawaiian State: A Century Unchecked," Hawaiian Journal of Law & Politics vol. 1, 2004.

Kamehameha I conquered and united the Islands of Hawai'i in 1810.

In 1843, Belgium, Great Britain, France and the United States all recognized Hawai'i's nation statehood.

For over 80 years after the islands were unified they were

internationally recognized as a sovereign nation state.

Sai, David Keanu, "Ameican Occupation of The Hawaiian State: A Century Unchecked," Hawaiian Journal of Law & Politics vol. 1, 2004.

The Hawaiian Kingdom: occupied territory or 50th state in the United states?

The Take over

The United Nations definition of a state: Article 1, 1933 Montevido Convention .

A. a permanent population

B. A defined Territory

C. a government

d. The capacity to enter into relations with other states.

The United State's role

Sai, David Keanu, "Ameican Occupation of The Hawaiian State: A Century Unchecked," Hawaiian Journal of Law & Politics vol. 1, 2004.

Stevens called upon the United States' marines to help in his coup. This was an illegal use of the United States Armed forces and when it was learned the first treaty for Annexation was denied.

Sai, David Keanu, "Ameican Occupation of The Hawaiian State: A Century Unchecked," Hawaiian Journal of Law & Politics vol. 1, 2004.

The second treaty was sent in 1897. The Hui Aloha 'Aina

the Men and Women's Patriotic League and the Hui Kalai'aina

the Hawaiian Political Association protested along with 21,169

signatures of Hawaiian nationals protesting the annexation and because of this the Senate was unable to garner enough votes to ratify the 1897 treaty.

Sai, David Keanu, "Ameican Occupation of The Hawaiian State: A Century Unchecked," Hawaiian Journal of Law & Politics vol. 1, 2004.

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