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What was the

Battle of Scheldt?

" Aardenburg: N.p., n.d. Web. 16 July 2013. <http://www.tripadvisor.nl/Aardenburg.html>.

-> It was a four phased battle initiated by the Allies. The goal was to open the port of Antwerp so they could ship in goods quicker

Operation Switchback

"WW2." Janet Barnstable - Unity within diversity. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 July 2013. <http://www.jbarnstable.org>

"ww2/ Impact of WW2 (Zack S Alex M)." FrontPage. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 July 2013. <http://mrbrownww2.pbworks.com>

Operation Vitality

-> On the West side, the 1st Polish Armoured Division reached

the coast and occupied Terneuzen which was on the southern side of the Western Scheldt Estuary

-> On October 9th, we separated two bridgeheads and gained one large one by the allies

-> October 12th was the day the allies crossed the Aardenburg road

-> Operation switchback ended on November 3rd 1944 when the

Breskens Pocket collapsed and all the land that was south of

the Scheldt Estuary in Netherlands was in the hands of the allies

-> The Germans blocked almost all of the ways

that the allies could receive goods and they

wanted to change that by invading on all

the coasts that they needed to ship

the equipment without any

interference

"ww2 N.p., n.d. Web. 16 July 2013.

<http://mrbrownww2.pbworks.com>

"WW2." Janet Barnstable - Unity within diversity. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 July 2013. <http://www.jbarnstable.org/>

"Battle of the Scheldt - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia." N.p., n.d. Web. 16 July 2013. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki>

-> October 24th 1944, the 2nd Canadian Infantry Division traveled West toward the Beveland Canal where the Germans were lined

up ready to counter-attack

-> The 6th Canadian Brigade attacked the canal from the front

while the 52nd British Division attacked from behind

-> The German forces that were fighting withdrew

very quickly and moved themselves to the

Walcheren Island, not too far off from

where they last fought

Canadian Soldiers

Lieutenant

Colonel

Jeffery

Williams

General

Henry

Graham

Crerar

"Jeffery Williams - Telegraph."N.p.Web. 16 July 2013. <http://www.telegraph.co.uk/obituaries/Lieutenant-ColonelWilliams.html>.

"Harry Crerar - Wikipedia,N.p., n.d. Web. 16 July 2013. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harry_Crerar>

-> Born in Calgary on January 16 1920

-> Enlisted at age 17

-> When he was staff officer, he noticed the number of casualties in the flooded areas of the island were too high and recommended to bomb the land that

the Germans were placing defensive units

-> military historian

-> Became a long-standing Canadian representative on the Royal Commonwealth Ex-Service League

-> Born in Hamilton on April 28th, 1888

-> Everyone was under the command of General Crerar where he planned the four phases along with Lieutenant-General Guy Simmonds

-> The largest army that they ever had was under control of a him, a Canadian General

-> Inducted into the Hamilton Gallery of Distinction

and had a school named after him in Scarborough

Before the battle:

Significance of the Battle

-> The victory of this battle meant that the Allies would have their final "push" into Germany, by November 8th, the fights ended along with the war

-> This battle had been forgotten by most people but was the most important and bloodiest campaign that Canadian soldiers every had

-> The purpose of the battle was to completely clear out the banks of the Scheldt Esutary. The Germans were lined and blocking the banks so the allies couldn't get to the shipped resources that they needed

-> This battle didn't become a high priority till it was too late, and the Germans had taken up most of the coasts of Netherlands

-> It was the first battle that the Canadian Army had been in control of

-> This battle occurred a month after

the tragedy of D-day where they lost

many lives

*To the left is a map of Netherlands

where they attempted to gain the largest

bridgehead over Rhine*

"Netherlands Map." Turkey Travel Guide. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 July 2013. <http://www.turkey-visit.com/netherlands-map.asp>.

Battle Date:

October 1st, 1944 to

November 8th, 1944

Awards Given Out:

- The Scheldt

- Leopold Canal

- Woensdrecht

- Savojaards Plaat

- Breskens Pocket

- South Beveland

- Walcheren Causeway

- The Lower Maas

"Canada’s 25 Most Renowned Military Leaders | Legion Magazine." Legion Magazine. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 July 2013. <http://legionmagazine.com>.

"Soviet WW2 Military Awards On Veteran Chest Royalty N.p., n.d. Web. 16 July 2013. <http://www.123rf.com/ww2-military-awards.html>.

-> On September 17th, British armies attempted to est-

ablish bridgeheads over several rivers to gain the

large bridgehead over Rhine

-> Resulted in a destruction of the British 1st

airborne division because the second British

army failed to get there in time before

the SS counter attacks

happened

The Four

Phases

The Allies had planned four parts

to the Battle of Scheldt

Clear Walcheren

land and any

coastal batteries

in the way

Operation Infatuate

Clear the area

north of Antwerp

and the neck of

South Beveland

Peninsula

"WWII: The Battle of the Scheldt - Canada at War." N.p., n.d. Web. 16 July 2013. <http://www.canadaatwar.cathe-battle-of-the-scheldt/>.

-> Their goal here was to clear the Walcheren Island

-> October 3rd, 1944, the allies attempted to flood portions of the island to disable some of the Germans' defensive units

Clear the area

north of the Scheldt

Estuary, known

as the South

Beveland

Clear Breskens

Pocket, north of Leo-

pold canal and South

of the Scheldt

Estuary

-> By October 7th, 2 places in the

island were bombed, on October

11th, more bombs fell and the

allies purposely forced all the

Germans to higher ground

-> At this time, they had the

Germans exactly where they

wanted them to be

"WW2." Operation Infatuate 1&2. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 July 2013.<www.royalmarinesmuseum.co.uk/walcheren/chapterfive/chapterfivepart.html>.

Military

Equipment

Infatuate 2

Infatuate 1

Difficulties

during the

Mission

-> Operation Infatuate 1

occurred on November 1st, 1944

-> The British 155th and the Number 4 Commando ferried

across the water where they

landed on a beach

-> They fought on a the beach South-East of Vlissingen in the Netherlands

"Battle of Scheldt." Westkapelle. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 July 2013. <http://pcvdklis.home.xs4all.nl/zonnehove/archief'44/archief'44-'45.htm>.

"Operation infatuate 1."N.p., n.d. Web. 16 July 2013. <http://bennosfiguresforum.com>

-> Infatuate 2 was also fought on

the same day as Infatuate 1,

November 1st, 2013

-> This attack took place in

Westkapelle, which was North-West

of the island

-> The 4th Special Service brigade

fought with support from the 79th

Armoured Division

-> The allies had an advantage

with their heavily armoured

vehicles

-> The heavy fighting from

both sides of the area

ensured they would

win the attack

"Type 95 75 mm Field Gun - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia."N.p., n.d. Web. 16 July 2013. <http://en.wikipedia.org>

"World War 2 - Battle of Scheldt." Westkapelle - Operation Infatuate 2. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 July 2013. <ubi.com/Today-In-WW-II-History-Forums/page100>.

Details of the Battle

-> the terrain was extremely difficult

to cross during the trek to Walcheren

Island when going after the Germans that fled there

"Vlissingen - Vlissingen na 1940 ." redirect. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 July 2013. <http://www.vlissingen.nl/Gemeentearchief/Geschiedenis/Geschiedenis-Vlissingen/Vlissingen-na-1940.htm>.

"Geschiedenis Zeeland | De invasie." Geschiedenis Zeeland | N.p., n.d. Web. 16 July 2013. <http://www.geschiedeniszeeland.nl/tab_th

"Modern Firearms-N.p., n.d. Web. 16 July 2013. <http://world.guns.ru/machine/guns>.

Countries involved:

-> Allies (Canada, Britain, Poland)

-> Enemy: Germany

Where it took place:

-> Mostly in the Netherlands

-> Northern Belgium

-> Southern Norway

"Battle of Scheldt." World War II Database: WW2 . N.p., n.d. Web. 16 July 2013. <http://ww2db.com/image.php?image_id=5659>.

-> anti-tank and anti-

aircraft guns of many

calibres

-> machine guns and mortars

-> field guns

-> bombs

"Worldflags.com: The Leading Flag World Site on the Net." Worldflags.com: The Leading Flag World Site on the Net. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 July 2013. <http://worldflags.com/>.

-> Canadians had trouble receiving

equipment as the Germans blocked

many of the ports for resupplies

Memory from the Battle

Casualties

-> 6367 Canadians wounded, killed or missing

-> a total of 12 873 soldiers from other countries

were killed, wounded or missing

"Flat, dyked country, much of it polderland reclaimed from the sea,

borders both banks of the Scheldt. There were days of bright

sunshine during the Scheldt battles, usually after morning mist and

fog, but these have been forgotten. The abiding memory is of grey

skies, rain, fog, bone-chilling dampness, boots, battledress and

blankets soaking wet, cold food, matches that wouldn't

light, the soldier's weariness that is as much fear as

lack of sleep, and everywhere, mud and water"

-Lieutenant-Colonel Jeffery Williams

WORKS CITED:

" Battle of the Scheldt – 4 days » canadianbattlefieldtours.ca." canadianbattlefieldtours.ca. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 July 2013. <http://www.canadianbattlefieldtours.ca/channel-toursbattle-of-the-scheldt/>.

11, the evening of October. "September-November 1944: The Battle of the Scheldt – Canadian Battlefields Foundation." Canadian Battlefields Foundation. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 July 2013. <http://www.cbf-fccb.ca/learn/about-canadas-role-in-wwii/northwest-europe/october-november-1944-the-battle-of-the-scheldt/>.

"Juno Beach Centre - Lieutenant-General Guy G. Simonds." Juno Beach Centre. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 July 2013. <http://www.junobeach.org/e/3/can-pep-can-simonds-e.htm>.

"The Battle Of The Scheldt - Veterans Affairs Canada." Veterans Affairs Canada - Anciens Combattants Canada. N.p., n.d. Web. 14 July 2013. <http://www.veterans.gc.ca/eng/history/secondwar/netherlands/scheldt>.

"Turning Points of History: The Battle of the Scheldt - World War II - Canada at War." Canada at War. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 July 2013. <http://www.canadaatwar.ca/film-books/26/turning-points-of-history-the-battle-of-the-scheldt/>.

"WWII: The Battle of the Scheldt - Canada at War." Canada at War. N.p., n.d. Web. 14 July 2013. <http://www.canadaatwar.ca/content-47/world-war-ii/the-battle-of-the-scheldt/>.

"Worldflags.com: The Leading Flag World Site on the Net." Worldflags.com: The Leading Flag World Site on the Net. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 July 2013. <http://worldflags.com/>.

"www.canadiansoldiers.com." www.canadiansoldiers.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 14 July 2013. <http://www.canadiansoldiers.com/history/campaigns/northwesteurope/scheldt.htm>.

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