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The Treaty of St. Germain

Reparations?

no figure set at the St. Germain

but Austria to pay reparations for 30 years starting May 1921

however...

no monetary reparations paid, as Austria was bankrupt by 1922

(Collapse of the Bank of Vienna)

lost 15 million & most industrial land

limitations

Produced by an artist with a definite point of view (biased), limited scope, not generally concerned with providing a factual account of a historical event, creative piece

Scandalous source!

values

origin

Can capture the spirit, opinions & sentiments generally

characterizing that time, evidence about a culture at specific moments in history, visually stimulating piece of historical evidence, art styles of the time, comment on features of regime, & show how people viewed a time

Evening Standard (British newspaper)

28 Mar 1931 by David Low

League of Nations meant to promote international co-operation but Austria and Germany removed trade barriers without League permission (Treaty violation).

Briand (Cupid) was a FRENCH statesman...

purpose

to readers & politically informed, etc.

OPVL time...

According to the IB...

Violations

Military

Economically speaking...

1922- Austria bankrupt, no monetary reparations paid

March 1931- Germany & Austria announced (without League approval) the removal of all customs, tariffs and trade barriers between their nations for a trial period of 3 years

1936- Austria begins to build up army

1938- Germany seizes Austria, treaty worthless

-Austria loses almost all industrial land & 15 million citizens (working force)… left at major industrial (leading to economical) loss

-Austria loses all rights & privileges a regular sovereignty would have with respect to int’l trade

-Forced to sign 23 other economic agreements (after Treaty)… from “Protection of Birds Useful to Agriculture” to “Suppression of Nightwork for Women”

Army limited to 30, 000 volunteers & surrender military aircraft & war vessels to Allies

September 1919

-Dalmatia, Slovenia & Bosnia to Yugoslavia

-S Tyrol, Trentino, Trieste & Istria to Italy & Bukovina to Romania

-Bohemia & Moravia to Czechoslovakia

-Galicia to Poland

-signed between Austria & the Allies

-Austria must...recognize the independence of Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia, Hungary & Poland

limit its army to 30, 000 men, surrender its war vessels & military aircraft

guaruntee the independence & intergrity of racial, religious & linguistic minorities in its borders

NOT unify with Germany!!

basically...

Allies grant Austria restricted control to an economy set to fail

Livestock reparations...

Scandalous source!

Reactions to the Treaty

signed with great reluctance by Austria's new delegates

"Austria undertakes to deliver in equal monthly instalments in the three months following the coming into force of the present Treaty the following quantities of live stock"

Austria paid thousands of cows, horses, sheep, etc. to the Italian, Serb-Croat-Slovene & Romanian governments

Austria, Germany, Ottoman Empire & Hungary outraged by harshness

Geographical Changes

Plebiscites

-formally dissolved the Austro-Hungarian Empire

-new republic (Karl Seitz was the first President from 1919-1920)

-recognized the independence of Hungary, Poland, Yugoslavia and Czechoslovakia

-Austria was forbidden from uniting either with Germany unless the League of Nations agreed to this

-"Austria", not "German-Austria"

-Article 177- Austria accepts responsibility for causing the war along with the Central Powers

-Article 88- Austria to refrain from directly/indirectly compromising its independence

Southern Carinthia- to Austria

town of Sopron- to Hungary

-Dalmatia, Slovenia & Bosnia to Yugoslavia

-South Tyrol, Trentino, Trieste & Istria to Italy

-Bukovina & Transylvania to Romania

-Bohemia & Moravia to Czechoslovakia

-Galicia to Poland

but... received Bungerland from Hungary

Political Terms

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