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Rosalind Franklin
5
Born July 25, 1920
England
Molecular Biology
By the 1940's, geneticists knew that DNA was behind inherited genes.
Franklin's uncredited work
The race to discover the structure of DNA
Linus Pauling, Watson and Crick, Maurice Wilkins, Rosalind Franklin
DNA discovery
Colleague Maurice Wilkins revealed Franklin’s work on DNA structure
1. Took photo surreptitiously to a rival laboratory
Watson and Crick built a model for DNA based on Franklin’s work and
wrote article for Nature magazine about DNA but did not credit Franklin
Watson and Crick won Nobel prize
Revealed in November 1951
1. Backbone of phosphates is outside molecule
2. Structure is helical
Double helix DNA
Structure established by Rosalind Franklin in May 1952
DNA is a double-helix polymer, a spiral consisting of two DNA strands wound around each other.
Beams of X-ray strike a crystal and are scattered
Determines the position of the three-dimensional structure of
atoms in a crystal
X-Ray Crystallography
Provided clues to DNA structure
X-shaped pattern suggest helical structure of DNA
Professional Life
Worked on porosity of coal during World War II
and the structure of viruses
DNA researcher at John T. Randall Laboratory at King’s College, London
Worked on tobacco mosaic virus. Collaborated on studies showing that RNA in this virus was a single-strand helix.
Milestones
Rosalind Franklin
Died of cancer
Age 38, April 16, 1958
Bibliography
Glynn, J. (2008, June 20). Rosalind Franklin: 50 Years On. Notes and Records of the Royal Society of London, 26(2), 253-255.
Hardinger , S. (2017). Guide to Understanding X-ray Crystallography. Retrieved from Organic Chemistry at UCLA: http://www.chem.ucla.edu/~harding/ec_tutorials/tutorial73.pdf
Nature Education. (2014). Rosalind Franklin: A Crucial Contribution. Retrieved from Scitable.
Rapoport, S. (2003). Rosalind Franklin: Unsung Hero of the DNA Revolution. New York History, 84(3), 315-329. Retrieved from www.jstor.org/stable/23183371
Education
Cambridge University
Studied physical chemistry as undergraduate
Awarded doctorate in physics in 1945