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and boasts unique species like the panther flying frog.

Endemic amphibian species are also unusually high in

the Philippines

Philippines

The country is one of the

few nations that is, in its entirety, both a hotspot and a megadiversity country, placing it

among the top priority hotspots for global conservation.

With over 7100 individual islands covering

almost 300,000 square kilometers the Philippines is the second largest archipelago on earth.

Flora and Fauna of the Philippines, Biodiversity and Conservation

Located in the western most part of the Pacific Ocean the Philippines is one of the most

biodiverse and ecologically rich areas in the world

Many endemic species are confined to forest fragments that cover only 7 percent of the

original extent of the hotspot.

such as the cebu flower pecker

philippine cockatoo

Visayan wrinkled hornbill

This includes over 6,000 plant

species

and many birds species

The Philippines is also one of the most endangered areas

Historically logged for timber

products, today, the forests are

also being cleared for farming needs and for developments to

accommodate the nations growing population.

With at least 17 active volcanoes,

these islands are part of the “Ring of Fire” of the Pacific Basin.

The archipelago stretches over

1,800 kilometers from north to south. Northern Luzon is only 240 km from Taiwan, and the

islands off southwestern Palawan are only 40 kilometers from Malaysian Borneo.

The island of

Palawan, which is separated from Borneo by a channel some 145 meters deep, shares many

animal species with both the Philippines and Borneo in the Sundaland Hotspot, and may

species of plantlife are also shared with the Sunda Shelf.

Sadly almost 93% of the original forests have

been cleared due to logging and agricultural needs.

The archipelago is formed from a series of isolated fragments that have long and complex

geological histories, some dating back 30-50 million years.

Easily seen within these quick facts is the urgent need to help protect and conserve the

remaining resources, flora and fauna of the Philippines before it is too late.

Because of the

large number of remote islands and the once extensive rain forest the Philippines is home to

an unusually high number of endemic species. The single island of Luzon has 31 endemic

species of mammal alone. The Philippines also has one of the highest discovery rates for new

speicies as well with 16 species of mammals being discovered here within the last 10 years

further illustrating the need for aggressive conservation

In the long term, it is clear that landscape- and seascape-scale conservation will be necessary

to allow the Philippines’ extraordinary biodiversity to persist. To this end, Conservation

International and the Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund have been supporting conservation

in biodiversity conservation corridors in the Sierra Madre, Palawan, and Eastern Mindanao

regions. This work has included the establishment of the Philippine Eagle Alliance, to

coordinate the work of the various conservation groups working within the range of this

magnificent but seriously threatened flagship species for Philippine conservation.

This places the Philippines in the sad

position of being one the the most endangered areas while at the same time still remaining

one of the most biodiverse areas on the planet. Conservation of this unique archipelago is a

top priority for global conservations due to this unique combination of factors.

The entire country has been

designated a global hotspot and is one

of the few nations which

are in their entirety designated as such

a few quick facts about the Philippine hotspot are:

Hotspot Original Extent (km2) 297,179

Hotspot Vegetation Remaining (km2) 20,803

Endemic Plant Species 6,091

Endemic Threatened Birds 56

Endemic Threatened Mammals 47

Endemic Threatened Amphibians 48

Extinct Species 2

Human Population Density (people/km 2) 273

Area Protected (km 2) 32,404

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