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Brave New World Chapter 16

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Brave New World Chapter 16

Marxism

Karl Marx

  • Believed that work was one of the greatest joys in life.
  • He believed people saw themselves in object that they created and had a personal connection to their work.
  • He thought specialized jobs that make the economy efficient were a problem because they stopped employees from having a sense of genuine contribution to the world. He thought these jobs alienated people from the world.
  • Furthermore, he attacked capitalism because he believed it made people expendable.
  • He believed that capitalist shrink shrink the wages of laborers to make wide profit margins.
  • Finally, he felt that there was a crisis of abundance due to over efficiency therefore not everyone could work.

What are some current examples of art and entertainment that would be comparable to Brave New World? What are some modern day examples of art and entertainment that would contrast with the ideas of Brave New World?

An Alpha-decanted, Alpha-conditioned man would go mad if he had to do Epsilon Semi-Moron work- go mad, or start smashing things up. Alphas can be completely socialized- but only on the condition that you make them do Alpha work. Only an Epsilon can be expected to make Epsilon sacrifices, for the good reason that for him they aren't sacrifices, they're the line of least resistance. (Huxley 222)

The use of the word semi-moron when describing Epsilon work suggests that Epsilons are not respected and have jobs that are looked down upon by other castes. Epsilons are sacrificed in order to maintain stability and keep the society running without flaws. The community decants Epsilons to be happy doing difficult work with poor wages thus, taking away any chance they have at moving up in the caste system.

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You can’t make flivers without steel- and you can’t make tragedies without social instability. The worlds stable now. People are happy; they get what they want, and they never want what they can’t get. (Huxley 220)

Tragedies can not be written now because in order to understand tragedy people must experience pain. The people in Brave New World are conditioned and drugged to have no emotions in order to maintain stability. Therefore, they could not understand and relate to tragedy. The allusion to Othello is set in a private world and focuses on the passion and personal lives of major character. It is a tragedy that contrasts the view of society.

Brave New World Chapter 16 Summary

Topic Discussion:

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Actual happiness always looks pretty squalid in comparison with the the over compensation for misery. And, of corse, stability isn’t nearly so spectacular as instability. And being content has none of the glamour of a good fight against misfortune, none of the picturesqueness of a struggle with temptation, or a fatal overthrow by passion or doubt. Happiness is never grand. (Huxley 221).

The use of the word squalid when describing when describing Brave New World citizen happiness suggest that that they have a miserable false sense of happiness that comes from being ignorantly blissful. They do not have true happiness that comes from emotions. This is because true emotion would cause instability. People would question what makes them happy and seek change in the society. The effects of change are unpredictable therefore, the society avoids change.

The leader of the World State feels that lower caste must be sacraficed and conditioned do menial jobs for the good of society. In what ways does our society prevent individuals from changing social classes? In what does our society help people move up on the social scale?

  • Bernard, Helmholtz, and John are taken to the Controller's Study.
  • Bernard is concerned about the repercussions he will face for being associated with John and Helmholtz. He is angry with them and feels that he is being wrongly punished for their erroneous behavior.
  • Mustpha Mond, the Resident World Controller for Western Europe, enters the room.
  • John admits to Mustapha Mond that he does not like Brave New World because it is based on ignorant happiness rather then feeling and artistic expression
  • John is happily surprised to hear that Mustapha Mond has also read Othello. However, Mond reveals that old and beautiful things are forbidden because people would be attracted to them which would cause emotion that might lead to thought.Furthermore, it would contradict the belief that new is better and prevent consumerism.
  • John ridicules the books and movies that Brave New World produces.

Summary:

Summary:

  • Mond reveals when he was younger he experiment with science and was stopped by the controllers.
  • He was offered the choice of going to an island or becoming the controller.
  • He chose to be a controller because he wanted to take on the challenging task of keeping the society happy and controlled.
  • He tells Bernard, Helmholtz, and John that they will be sent to an island where their are other abstract thinkers. He allows them to choose the island.
  • Bernard is enraged by this and Mustapha orders three men to come and give him a soma vaporization.
  • Helmoltz chooses to go to an island with a bracing, harsh climate where he can write better.

New Information About Mustapha Mond

Mustapha Mond

  • The author reveals that Mustapha Mond was a nonconformist who was dedicated to Physics.
  • He experimented for the purpose of gaining scientific knowledge and finding truth.
  • He was stopped by the controllers and given the option to go to and Island or be taken on to the Controller's council.
  • He became the controller to pay for his interest in truth and serve people's happiness.
  • He let go of science and was able to gain the truth about society through his position.
  • He expresses his jealousy that Bernard, Helmholtz, and John are going to live on Island because they will meet the most interesting people who's personalities also did not fit the constructs of the society.

  • Mond responds by explaining that tragedies can not be in Brave New World because in order to understand tragedy one must understand pain and relate the emotion to their own life.
  • Furthermore, the character discuss how art in Brave New World is meant for entertainment to create happiness, occupy time, and promote consumerism rather then nonconformist expressions of emotion.
  • John questions why all people can not be decanted as Alphas.
  • Mustapha replies that it would be impossible to maintain stability if everyone were an Alpha.
  • An experiment was attempted where a group of twenty-two thousand Alphas were recolonized and left the manage the colony themselves. It resulted in civil was because no one with the knowledge of Alpha wanted to menial work.
  • Mond feels that individuals must make sacrifices for the good of society.
  • Mond reveals that technology and science have also been controlled and stopped from developing past what is need immediately due to the unknown long term effects of change.
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