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Unit VIII Part C: State and Local Government
Local Government Continued
Local Government
The 10th Amendment reserves powers not
enumerated/listed in the Constitution for the states, but the Ohio Constitution & Ohio Revised Code/O.R.C. then reserved powers to local governments.
Why would the state government give up
this power?
Efficiency- The ability to accomplish
something with the least waste of time and effort.
Delegation- The assignment of tasks to
various parties to increase efficiency.
10th Amendment- The last of the Bill
Rights, it states “The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people.”
Enumerated Powers- Governmental powers
that are listed/stated in a document; by being listed, they are thus limited.
Reserved Powers- Governmental powers
that are not listed in a document; by not being listed, they are being saved for other governments or groups.
Counties, Townships, & Municipalities
County- An administrative area & local government
in a state. Ohio has 88 different counties & in the 50 United States, there are 3,144 counties across the country.
Townships- Local governments, below the county
level, exercising only powers specifically delegated to them by the General Assembly or O.R.C. Title V/5.
Counties, Townships, & Municipalities
Under O.R.C. Title VII/7, there are 2 sizes
of municipality (urban political unit w/ corporate status & powers of self-government.)
Village- A municipality w/ 4,999 or less
citizens living in it…has less restrictions placed on it by the state.
City- A municipality w/ 5,000 or more
citizens living in it…must have civil-service commissions, safety & service directors and health departments & can enter collective-bargaining agreements w/ employees.
Mahoning County
Youngstown City Government
In the city of Youngstown, the
government has the following elected positions…
Mayor-Youngstown chief executive,
carry’s out city law, orders executive agencies such as the Youngstown Police Department.
City Council- Youngstown’s legislative
branch, comprised of 7 elected members, with 1 member representing a ward (small geographic/neighborhood voting district.)
President of Council- The chairman of
the City Council who maintains order, sets agendas, & breaks ties.
County Seat- The city/village in a
county where the county’s government is headquartered.
Mahoning County’s county seat is
Youngstown. According to the Mahoning County’s official website… http://www.mahoningcountyoh.gov/, this county’s government is set up as follows…
Board of Mahoning County Commissioners-
3 elected officials who serve as both the legislative & executive branches for the county…responsible for creating & carrying out county laws.
Mahoning County’s judicial branch
consists of the following offices & courts…
Clerk of Courts-Elected position in
charge of recording & preserving court documents, property titles & liens; issuing subpoenas & court summons, etc.
Mahoning County Court of Common
Pleas- The county’s main court for hearing both criminal (legality) & civil (damages) cases in Mahoning County…judges elected to 6 year terms.