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Transcript

Human Anatomy Lesson

Chapter 4

By: Rae Justiss & Rakeem Brown

Burns

Burns- tissue damage and cell death caused by intense heat and/or electricity.

  • The human skin is not very think. It is only about as thick as a paper towel and just as fragile.
  • The human skin, when injured, is not the only thing that suffers. Nearly almost all of the body systems suffer when something wrong happens to the body.
  • You may be wondering why.
  • When metabolism accelerates or is impaired, many changes in the immune system occur, and also the cardiovascular system may falter at some point or another.
  • Dehydration and electrolyte imbalance can lead to circulatory shock ( inadequate circulation of blood caused by low blood volume).

Rule of Nines

  • The 'Rule of Nines' determine how much of the body surface is burned and can also estimate indirectly the volume of fluid loss in the victim.
  • When you are trying to save a patient, the loss of their fluids must be replaced immediately, and it is important to use this method.
  • If you do not do this the patient has a higher chance of dieing.
  • This method divides the body into eleven areas (each equals 9% of the total body area, including the genitals which represent 1% of body surface area.
  • infections become more the most important that leads to the cause of death later on in burn victims.
  • after a certain amount of time, pathogens start to easily invade the destroyed areas of the skin and multiply rapidly, doing so in the nutrient-rich environment of the dead tissues.

Different types of burns

  • These different types of burns are the many reasons for the type of severe damages within the body.
  • First-degree, Second-degree, partial-thickness, Third-degree, and fullness burns are the main types of burns that can call severe damage or even death to the victim.
  • First degree burns only damage the epidermis. The area becomes red and swollen.
  • Second degree burns injure the epidermis and the upper layer of the dermis. Also known as partial-thickness burns.
  • Third degree burns destroy the entire thickness of the skin. Also called full-thickness burns.

ABCD Rule

  • The ABCD rule is the rule that recognizes melanoma (a type of skin cancer caused by the burning of the skin)

The A part of the ABCD rule stands for asymmetry. The asymmetry is the two sides of the pigmented spot or mole do not match.

The B part stands for Border irregularity. Border irregularity- the borders of the lesion are not smooth but exhibit indentations.

The C stands for color. This determines the pigmented spot's colors. There is sometimes more then one color but very rare.

The D stands for diameter. The doctors would measure the wound to see how severe it would be and what they would need to do to help the victim recover quicker.

Random facts

  • burned skin is sterile for about 24 hours.
  • over 25% of the body has second degree burns
  • over 10% of the body has third-degree buns
  • There are third-degree buns to the face, hands, or feet.
  • There is about a 50% chance 0f survival of people with melanoma.
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