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Goold, Dr. Sally (OAM)

Dr. Sally S. Goold (OAM) was the first Indigenous registered nurse in NSW. To achieve this distinction, she had to overcome much discrimination and hardship. In this presentation, an overview of Dr. Goold's life and background will be given. Her impact on Indigenous and Non-indigenous society from a social and health perspective as well as current Indigenous health statistics will also be provided.

Wiradjuri people

As a member of the Wiradjuri people, Dr. Goold has a proud and plentiful heritage.

Wiradjuri people originally come from the land bordered by the Lachlan, Macquarie and Murrumbidgee rivers in Central NSW.

The name Wiradjuri means, 'people of the three rivers' and traditionally these rivers were the primary source of food for the Wiradjuri people (Office of Environment and Heritage 2011).

Considered to be the first inhabitants of the Bathurst district, they have been living here for at least 40,000 years (The National Trust of Australia 2013).

Background

Dr. Goold, the youngest of seven children, was born in Narrandera. Her father, Archie George Bamblett - the son of Archie (Jerry) Bamblett and Sophia Cornelius Wedge, from Yass - was born at Warangesda Mission at Darlington Point. Dr. Goold’s mother, Eva Lily Scott - the daughter of Alice Sloan from Condobolin and Matthew Scott, from Canowindra, NSW - was born at Forbes, NSW and was an Aboriginal person (Goold 2006).

Wiradjuri women used digging sticks to harvest roots and tubers and find yams around the base of trees and shrubs. Although this painting shows an Aboriginal group in Victoria, the scene is typical of the way Wiradjuri people lived in this area.

Image courtesy: Watercolour by Henry Godfrey, 1843. Pictures Collection, State Library of Vicitoria

In the year 1924, The Warangesda Mission where the Goold Family were living was closed and the family was forced to move. Settling elsewhere proved very difficult due to racism; they were constantly made to relocate by authorities. They managed to establish themselves in an area in between the town rubbish tip and the sewage works in Narrandera (Goold 2006).

Roy Kennedy’s winning entry in the Parliament of New South Wales Aboriginal Art Prize 2009. The painting Mission Series 2 2009 shows Roy’s mission - the Police Paddock and his mother ’s mission Warangesda. Courtesy Roy Kennedy. Photograph Peter Lonergan.

When Dr. Goold turned 14, she applied and was the first and only student Aboriginal nurse at The Royal Prince Alfred Hospital (RPA) in Sydney

Her eldest brother provided her with money to buy the textbooks that she needed - books which Dr. Goold has kept till date (Goold 2006).

Eventually the Goold family moved to St Peters. This was likely due to the assimilation polices that were in action during that time. The Goold children became the only Aboriginal children to attend St Peter's Public school. She and her siblings were subjected to racism induced violence and were hospitalised many times (Goold 2006).

It was here she met the many nurses whom she found wonderful. As a result of this, from a very early age, Dr. Goold had become interested in pursuing nursing.

- In 1971 she helped establish the Aboriginal Medical Service in Redfern (Goold 2006).

-In 1986, Dr. Goold received the Order of Australia Medal (OAM)

-Affects both Indigenous and Non Indigenous Australians

Acknowledgement

“I’d like to begin by acknowledging the traditional owners and custodians of the land on which we meet today and the Wiradjuri people. I pay my respects to their Elders both past and present”

Qualifications and Awards

-Dr. Goold was an important part of the team that in 1997 created the Congress of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Nurses (CATSIN)

-CATSIN’s aims and effects

Dr. Goold has a number of qualifications under her belt, including RN, Dip NEd, BAppSc (Nursing), MNSt, DN (HC) FRCNA, FCN. (NSW). Her many achievements have greatly impacted both the Indigenous and Non Indigenous Australians both socially and from a health perspective.

-a thorough background in Acute Care Setting, Cardio-Thoracic and Coronary Care

CATSIN founders

Advice

Please note that this presentation may contain images of deceased Indigenous people.

She has also previously served as a member of the Human Genetics Advisory Committee (NHMRC), the National Indigenous Council (NIC), the National Indigenous Health Equality Council; the Close the Gap Steering Committee and as director of the National Aged Care Standards and Accreditation Agency. She brought to light the poorer health instances of Australia's Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples in comparison to the Non-Indigenous population and campaigns to bridge this gap. At the 2006 Australia Day Awards, she was awarded Senior Australian of the Year (CJ 2005).

-Dr. Goold has lectured in both undergraduate and post-graduate programs at the School of Nursing at Queensland's University of Technology. She serves as a member on the Advisory Boards of three Universities as well as as an Adjunct Professor at both James Cook and Griffith universities (CJ 2005).

-Between 1997- 2000, she served as a member of the Council for Aboriginal Reconciliation and headed the Queensland Crime and Misconduct Commission. She was honoured in 2000 with the Royal College of Nursing (Queensland Chapter) Distinguished Nursing Award and in 2001 with a Doctor of Nursing, Honoris Causa from RMIT (CJ 2005).

Life expectancy for Indigenous males is estimated to be 67.2 years, 11.5 years less than life expectancy at birth for non-Indigenous males (78.7 years).

-Life expectancy for Indigenous females is estimated to be 72.9 years, 9.7 years less than life expectancy at birth for non-Indigenous females (82.6 years).

-Indigenous infant mortality rate was nearly twice the non-Indigenous rate (Australian Bureau of Statistics 2011)

Life Expectency

There have been many reasons as to why Indigenous health is so lacking. A few of those reasons are as follows: ongoing effects of colonisation; lack of finance; being separated from family; vulnerability to disease and lack of access to health care (Goold 2006).

-Causes among Aboriginal population include nutritional, endocrine and metabolic disorders, and mainly type 2 (late onset) diabetes mellitus best known as lifestyle disease (Goold 2006).

Causes of early deaths

Now for Some Statistics

8. Goold, S. 2005, In our own right: Black Australian Nurses stories, eContent Management, Sippy Downs, QLD, viewed 15 March 2013, <http://inourownright.e-contentmanagement.com/preface.html>

9. Goold, S. 2006, ‘Keep Your Eye on the Prize!’, Aboriginal and Islander Health Worker Journal, vol. 30, no. 4, pp: 12-15, viewed 13 March 2013, <http://search.informit.com.au.ezproxy.lib.uts.edu.au/documentSummary;dn=227191225764398;res=IELIND>

10. Goold, S. 2006, ‘The continuing shame of the Australian Health Care System', presentation at 2006 Association of Queensland Nurse Leaders Conference, viewed 13 March 2013, <http://www.aqnl.org.au/images/2006%20Conference%20Presentations/Goold_Sally.pdf>

11. Goold, S. 2006, ‘Your Lifestyle: Still Inspiring: January', Seniors.gov.au, viewed 13 March 2013, <http://www.seniors.gov.au/internet/seniors/publishing.nsf/Content/Still+Inspiring%3A+January+-+Sally+Goold,+OAM>

12. Goold, S. & New South Wales College of Nursing, 2006, Is that a light I see over yonder or am I still dreaming?- Fifty-fourth Annual Oration, College of Nursing, Sydney, viewed 15 March 2013, <http://www.nursing.edu.au/pdf/2006_Oration.pdf>

13. Manchester, A. 2008, ‘ Defeating the twin issues of racism and discrimination: aboriginal nursing pioneer Sally Goold has spent her life helping to break down barriers for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people wanting to become nurses. It has often been a lonely road’, The Free Library, vol. 14, no. 12, viewed 15 March 2013, <http://www.thefreelibrary.com/Defeating the twin issues of racism and discrimination: aboriginal...-a0191514462>

In NSW, QLD, SA and the NT

-Indigenous age-standardised death rate has decreased from 1196 in 2001 to 1099 in 2010 per 100,000 standard population

-The non-Indigenous age-standardised mortality rate decreased from 641 to 587 deaths per 100,000 standard population over the same period. (ABS 2011)

Age-standardised death rate

This decline in death rates has resulted in a reduction of the gap between Indigenous and Non Indigenous people. This closing of the gap is part of what Dr. Goold strives for.

continued:

14. National Trust of Australia 2013, The Wiradjuri People, viewed 13 March 2013, <http://www.nationaltrust.com.au/ida/link_d3_wiradjuri.html>

15. New South Wales Nurses and Midwives' Association 2004, Sally Champions Aboriginal Nurses, viewed 13 March 2013, < http://www.nswnma.asn.au/news/2320.html>

16. Nursing Review 2010, ‘Dr Sally Goold OAM to present a keynote address at the 6th INP/APNN Conference’, viewed 13 March 2013, http://www.nursingreview.com.au/pages/section/article.php?idArticle=17197&s=RCNA

17. Office of Environment and Heritage 2011, South Western Slopes - regional history, viewed 15 March 2013, <http://www.un.org/aboutun/charter/history/>

further continued

1. Australian Bureau of Statistics 2012, ‘Topics @ a Glance - Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples Health’, viewed 13 March 2013, http://www.abs.gov.au/websitedbs/c311215.nsf/web/Aboriginal+and+Torres+Strait+Islander+Peoples+-+Health

2.Australian Bureau of Statistics 2012, The Health and Welfare of Australia's Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples, Oct 2010, Cat. no. 4704.0, Australian Bureau of Statistics, Canberra, viewed 4 April 2013, <http://www.abs.gov.au>

3. Australian Human Rights Commission 2013, Close the Gap: Campaign for Indigenous Health Equality, viewed 15 March 2013, <http://www.humanrights.gov.au/social_justice/health/index.html>

4. Australian Indigenous HealthInfoNet 2012, ‘Overview of Australian Indigenous health status 2011: Concluding comments’, viewed 13 March 2013, http://www.healthinfonet.ecu.edu.au/health-facts/overviews/concluding-comments

5. Clark, C. M. 2005, Relations between Social Support and Physical Health, Personality Research, viewed 17 March 2013, <http://www.aec.gov.au/About_AEC/Media_releases/2002/australia_celebrates_02.htm>

6. Department of Health and Ageing 2006, Awards: Senior Australian of the Year 2006 - Results, Government of Australia, viewed 15 March 2013, <http://www.health.gov.au/internet/main/publishing.nsf/Content/ageing-ofaa-awards-saoy-2006-results.htm>

7. Goold, S. 2006, 'Gettin Em n Keepin Em': Indigenous Issues in Nursing Education, Australian Aboriginal Studies, no. 2, pp: 57-61, viewed 15 March 2013, <http://search.informit.com.au.ezproxy.lib.uts.edu.au/documentSummary;dn=429712990369774;res=IELIND>

Dr. Sally Goold is a great advocate for the Indigenous nurses and for nurses as a whole. She has overcome many hardships to achieve her dreams. She has also been one of the fundamental parts of organisations such as CATSIN and has worked tirelessly as a Close the Gap Campaigner to close the health and life expectancy gap between the Indigenous and the Non-Indigenous Australians. She remains a true hero and an Australian icon.

References

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