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• The 14 story apartments will separate communities and make people work away from where they live.
• Only people who have lived in the slum since 2000 will be relocated.
• Current redevelopment projects are densely populated and house lots of people. They are not good for community cohesion.
In order to counteract the effects of counter urbanisation and de industrialisation the government, The London Docklands Development Corporation (LDDC) and local authorities introduced new schemes in order to start the process of re urbanisation.
This took place between 1981 and 1998
• Over 12000 jobs were lost between 1978 and 1983, in some locations of London over 60% of adult men were unemployed in 1981.
• Derelict land was so bad in some places that it was considered too expensive to regenerate meaning the area was unattractive to investors.
• Unemployment meant many people moved elsewhere meaning population numbers decreased throughout east London, between 1971 and 1981 population declined by 18.5%. Those in the remaining population turned to lower paid manual occupations with many businesses such as local shops and pubs forced to close.
• The increase in size of ships meant deeper water was needed meaning Tilbury, 20 miles downstream, was more suited.
• People were no longer needed to load and unload by hand due to the introduction of container ships and computerisation. Felixstowe 70 miles north east of London developed into the UK’s largest container port thereby replacing London as the biggest port.
In the 1980’s both primary (mining) and secondary (manufacturing) industries in the UK were more expensive than those overseas due to a higher UK wage.
Number of mines and manufacturing companies to closed This initially caused the de-industrialisation which resulted in mass unemployment all over the UK.
33% of London's labour force worked in manufacturing- mass unemployment
The effect is an inner city with greater provision of services, infrastructure and quality of life
However problems such as inequality can arise
The extent of success of Re-Urbanisation varies with each case study
The process whereby towns and cities, usually in MEDCs that have been experiencing a loss of population are able to reverse the decline and begin to grow again. Some form of redevelopment is often required to start re-urbanisation.
• Higher population growth in urban areas
• Greater provision of services
•Greater opportunities in Inner City
• Movement of individuals or groups into older housing and gentrification occurs
• ‘Large scale’ investment programmes aimed at urban regeneration - property led regeneration schemes
• A move towards ‘sustainable communities’
Positives:
1. Social mix of the area changes with more affluent
2. Increase in bars, restaurants and services
3. The residents have higher purchasing power
4. More employment is created
Negatives:
1. Local people on low income find it difficult to afford the housing.
2. Private rented accommodation is sold off and reduces
3. Friction between incomers and original residents
Often begins with people moving out of inner city areas in MIC examples due to de industrialization or deterioration of Infrastructure and services
Either relocate to rural areas or Surburbs- Rural Urban fringe