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Apollinarianism
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Jesus is “consubstatinal” (of the same essence/substance) with the Father (god).
GOAL!
The Church's view
- This heresy denies the true and complete humanity in the person of Jesus which in turn, can jeopardize the value of the atonement since Jesus is declared to be both God and man to atone.
- He needed to be God to offer a pure and holy sacrifice of sufficient value and He needed to be a man in order to die for men
Christ, he said, assumed the human body and the human soul or principle of animal life, but not the human spirit.
The Logos Himself is, or takes the place of, the human spirit, thus becoming the rational and spiritual centre, the seat of self-consciousness and self-determination
Monophysitism: Jesus Christ, as the incarnation of the eternal Son or Word (Logos) of God, had only a single "nature" which was either divine or a synthesis of divine and human.
Incarnation of the logos (the second of the holy trinity), or divine nature in Christ, took himself a human nature (Body and soul) but he was not a human person (body, soul and spirit). Because the logos took place of rational human soul (spirit).
Apollinaris taught that the two natures of Christ could not coexist within one person.
His solution was to lessen the human nature of Christ. Two perfect beings with all their attributes, he argued, cannot be one.
Apollinarianism
Apollinaris described Jesus as
- “one nature composed of impassible divinity and passible flesh”
- “flesh-bearing God”
Apollinarism
It arose out of concern to maintain the unity of the person of Christ, while taking seriously the Nicean assertion:
Roman Sekej & Riyam Baghdadi
What a human person consists of?
Spirit (nous, pneuma, psyche logike)
Soul (psyche, halogos)
Body/flesh (sarx,soma)
Apollinaris of Laodicea
- He was a bishop of Laodicea in Syria
- He tried to explain how Jesus could be both human and divine.
- His teaching, Apollinarianism, was declared a heresy by the First Council of Constantinopole in 381.