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Great Groton Gorge Bridge

By Sophie Scanlan and Nataniah Cagan

Forces Acting Upon Bridges

Cantilever

Compression:

  • 2 sides act with each other pushing together but still balancing

Tension

  • 2 sides act against each other
  • Pulling away but balancing at the same time

Torsion

  • Twisting force
  • Dont want to have it in a bridge or it will collapse

Shear

  • 2 opposing forces acting on the same point
  • Occurs horizontally
  • More or less an arch bridge that relies on diagonal bracing
  • Only supported on one end
  • Up to 1800 ft long
  • Typically meet in the middle

Arch

  • Use arches for support - arches always go under the bridge, not over
  • Has supports at both ends
  • 1+ hinges (depends on load and stress forces)
  • Has supports on either end
  • Up to 1741 meters in length
  • made of steel or concrete

Our Choice

Truss Bridge

Suspension

  • Stretches well across short distances
  • Does not require downward vertical beams, which would not work for such a deep crevice
  • Can be built well with the materials provided
  • A beam bridge would snap in the middle and eventually bend into a v shape; the cover above the truss and triangle system beneath it prevents this from happening
  • Span up to 2,000 - 7,000 ft across
  • Most have a truss system beneath the road
  • Suspension cables anchored at either end - load that the bridge supports is transferred from cables to towers
  • Span long distances
  • Resist earthquakes
  • Uses less materials, costs less to make

Beam and Truss

  • Beam
  • Good for short distances, should not span more than 250 ft across
  • Can be inclined or v-shaped as well as just straight across
  • One beam supported on both ends by piers
  • Truss
  • Assembly of triangles made from straight bars
  • Diagonal posts supported by straight post in the middle
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