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SEVENTH DAY ADVENTIST
TIMELINE PROJECT
ADVENTIST HERITAGE
BY ERNESTO ILLINGWORTH
Work Among
African Americans
The Second Coming Message
In 1891 Ellen White appealed to church leaders to begin educational and evangelistic work on behalf of the Black race in America's South. Three years later, one of her sons, James Edson White, built a Mississippi River steamboat and used it for about a decade as a floating mission for Blacks in Mississippi and Tennessee. In 1895 and 1896 she wrote articles in the "Review and Herald" continuing to urge that efforts be made for Blacks in the South, and from time to time she sent messages of counsel and encouragement to workers in that field. She gave strong support to the establishment of Oakwood College, in Huntsville, Alabama, which was founded for the purpose of educating young African-Americans. In 1904 she gave a speech to its students and teachers, declaring, "It was God's purpose that the school should be placed here." Throughout the remaining years of her life, she maintained a deep interest and concern for the church work among Blacks in the southern States
Dudley Marvin Canright
(September 22, 1840 – May 12, 1919)
Joseph Bates was a co-founder of the Seventh-day Adventist Church along with James and Ellen White. Perhaps there was no more unlikely Seventh-day Adventist preacher than Joseph Bates. When he was young his family moved from Rochester, Massachusetts, to the port city of Fairhaven, Massachusetts, where he became fascinated with the sea. He set out from Fairhaven at the age of 15 as a cabin boy. He experienced shipwreck, capture, and forced service in the British Navy, and for two-and-a-half years was a prisoner of war in England, being released in 1815. Bates eventually served as captain of his own ship, beginning in 1820. In 1821 he gave up smoking and chewing tobacco as well as the use of profane language. He later quit using tea and coffee and in 1843 became a vegetarian.
He was a pastor in the Seventh-day Adventist Church for 22 years, who later left the church and became one of its severest critics. He joined the church in 1859, at the age of 19, and rose through the ministry to a position of prominence on the General Conference, a committee of Seventh-day Adventist Church leaders.
Then he was a member of the Baptist church for thirty-two years and during the first decade of this connection served as the pastor of two local churches, one for fifteen months and the other for two and a half years. From the time the 1867 diary jottings reveal in his experience periods of victory and confidence and then recurring periods of doubt bordering on atheism, to the inscription on the tombstone, ancient and modern, in the family lot in the Mountain Home Cemetery in Otsego, Michigan, Mr. Canright's life reveals a dual personality—a "Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde." This has unfolded particularly in the search more recently made in the records, both those pertaining to his connections with Seventh-day Adventists and his experience thereafter. As husband and father, a citizen, a church member, and associate, and a pastor, he was loved, honored, and respected while in both religious affiliations.
The Adventists found him to be a man of strength, but plagued with recurring periods of questioning and discouragement, at times resulting in his laying down his ministerial
Review and Herald
SIGNS OF THE TIME 1874
HEALDSBURG COLLEGE
William Miller started to preach that Jesus will come around 1843 and 1844
Joseph Bates
1792 - 1872
The winter of 1872-1873 found the pair in California in the interests of strengthening church projects on the Pacific Coast. This was the first of several extended western sojourns during the next seven years. An important vision was given to Ellen White on April 1, 1874, while in the West, at which time there was opened up to her the marvelous way in which the denomination's work was to broaden and develop not only in the western States but overseas. A few weeks later, tent meetings were opened in Oakland, California, and in connection with this public effort Elder White began the magazine Signs of the Times
GEORGE A KING
FIRST VISION OF ELLEN WHITE
BIBLE READINGS FIRST EDITION 1936
Ellen G. White was a co-founder of the Seventh-day Adventist Church along with her husband James and close friend Joseph Bates. Mrs. White is also known as a messenger from God. She was born Ellen Gould Harmon in Gorham, Maine, November 26, 1827, to Robert and Eunice Harmon. She and her twin sister Elizabeth were the youngest of eight children. When Ellen was in her early teens she and her family accepted the Bible interpretations of the Baptist farmer-turned-preacher, William Miller. Along with Miller and 50,000 other Ad-ventists, she suffered bitter disappointment when Christ did not return on October 22, 1844, the date marking the end of the 2300-day prophecy of Daniel 8.
GENERAL CONFERENCE 1901- 1903
After studying at Brown University in Rhode Island, Charles Fitch began his ministry in the Congregational Church at Abington, Connecticut. In March of 1838 Fitch wrote William Miller stating that he had read Miller’s Lectures and did not doubt the correctness of his views. For approximately three and a half years, he held back from preaching the Millerite message. Eventually, because he preached the doctrine of “holiness” and was exhorted not to do so, Fitch felt it necessary to separate from the established church. This separation caused him to be less influenced by the fear of man regarding the Millerite understanding of the advent.
Though a man with little formal education, J. H. Waggoner was a giant in literary accomplishments, a master of Greek and Hebrew, a knowledgeable theologian, an accomplished editor, a pioneer in health reform and religious liberty, and a tower of strength as a pioneer in the closing message of truth.
When Waggoner first learned of the Adventist message in December, 1851, he was editor and publisher of a political newspaper. Evidently Waggoner doubted that he could be saved because he had not been in ‘the 1844 movement’. Ellen White encouraged him to hope in God and to give his heart fully to Jesus, which he did then early in 1852. He threw his tobacco wad into the stove on the day he accepted the Sabbath, and he stood with Joseph Bates as a strong advocate of temperate living.
t was not long after the passing of the time in 1844 that my first vision was given me. I was visiting a dear sister in Christ, whose heart was knit with mine; five of us, all women, were kneeling quietly at the family altar. While we were praying, the power of God came upon me as I had never felt it before. I seemed to be surrounded with light, and to be rising higher and higher from the earth. I turned to look for the advent people in the world, but could not find them, when a voice said to me: "Look again, and look a little higher." At this I raised my eyes and saw a straight and narrow path, cast up high above the world. On this path the advent people were traveling toward the city. Behind them, at the beginning of the path, was a bright light which an angel told me was the midnight cry. This light shone all along the path, that their feet might not stumble. Jesus Himself went just before His people to lead them forward, and as long as they kept their eyes fixed on Him, they were safe. But soon some grew weary, and said the city was a great way off, and they expected to have entered it before.
Daniel T Bordeau (1835-1905)
Pacific Union College was founded as Healdsburg Academy in 1882 in Healdsburg, California in northern Sonoma County. It was renamed Healdsburg College in 1899. Sidney Brownsberger was its first President. It is the twelfth oldest institution of higher education in the state of California, and the second founded by the Adventist Church, the first west of the Mississippi.
A Seventh-day Adventist minister and the first president of the General Conference of Seventh-day Adventists.
CHARLES FITCH
The roots of the Review and Herald Publishing Association go back to 1849 when James White produced The Present Truth and, in 1850, The Advent Review. From there the publication house grew and moved to Battle Creek, Michigan.
Pioneer canvasser who developed the idea of subscription sale of Seventh-day Adventist books. A native of Canada, he came to the United States as a young man in search of fortune. Having accepted SDA beliefs, he desired to preach, but was discouraged by James White, who did not regard him a promising candidate. Eventually a Seventh-day Adventist layperson, “Uncle Richard” Godsmark, advised him to try selling SDA tracts and magazines. This he did with much success in both the United States and Canada. In 1878 and 1879 he was selling books and subscriptions to Good Health and Signs of the Times in Ontario ( Review and Herald 53:54, Feb. 13, 1879).
The church was restructured in order to take the mission in a more effective way.
Ellen G. White
1827-1915
Joseph Harvey Waggoner (1820-1889)
(1805-1844)
Daniel T. Bourdeau was an evangelist and missionary, and brother of A. C. Bourdeau. At 11 years of age he joined the Baptist Church and at 16, with his brother, attended a Baptist French-language institution at Grand Ligne, Lower Canada. In 1861 he married Marion E. Saxby. Ordained to the SDA ministry in 1858, he, with his brother, spent many years in evangelism in New England and Canada. As far as is known, the two brothers were the first of French descent to have accepted the SDA faith.
JOHN BYNGTON
(1798–1887
Sylvester Bliss (1814-1863)
William Warren Prescott (1855-1944)
ELLEN WHITE HOLDS AN 18 POUNDS BIBLE
1831
(1805-1895). The great publicist, promoter, and organizer of the Millerite movement, and in many ways its leading figure. He was born in Rhode Island and went to New Bedford, Massachusetts, to learn a trade. In 1825 he entered the ministry in the Massachusetts Christian Conference. He fought the liquor traffic energetically and was an assistant to William Lloyd Garrison in a battle against slavery. His Chardon Street Chapel in Boston became the headquarters for all kinds of reform meetings. In November 1839 Himes invited William Miller to hold a series of meetings in his church. Himes became convinced of the general points of Miller’s teaching and felt a burden to get the new doctrine before the people.
LOMA LINDA UNIVERSITY
SYSTEMATIC BENEVOLENCE (SISTER BETSY)
1859
HYDROTHERAPY
ELLEN WHITE FUNERAL
Sylvester Bliss was the ablest of the Millerite editors. He was first assistant editor, then editor, of the Millerite journal The Signs of the Times. He was a Congregationalist from Hartford, Conneticut, with a liberal education and was a member of the Historical Society of Boston. He was also an editor of the Advent Shield and later edited the Memoirs of Miller (1853). Among his works are Commentary on the Revelation, The Time of the End, and Analysis of Sacred Chronology. He remained until his death the editor of the Advent Herald (a later name of The Signs of the Times), which remained the organ of the group of ex-Millerites who did not accept the doctrine of conditional immortality.
Reputed to be "the first SDA," that is, the first of the Adventists who kept the seventh-day Sabbath. He accepted the Adventist (Millerite) doctrine about 1840 and in 1844 declared himself a Sabbath keeper, among the first of a small group from among the members of the Washington, New Hampshire, Christian church who became the first Adventists to observe the seventh day as the Sabbath
The Bible Ellen called for after this experience in her home in Portland was, presumably, the "big Bible" now in the White Estate vault with the names of Robert and Eunice Harmon stamped in gold on the spine. This Bible is 18 inches (46 centimeters) long, 11 inches (28 centimeters) wide, four inches (10 centimeters) thick, and weighs 18Ω pounds (seven kilograms). On one occasion, during family prayers in 1845, Ellen stepped over to a bureau upon which this large volume rested and picked it up. Placing it on her left hand, she easily held it with her arm extended for an estimated half hour. During the vision she referred, in short exclamations, to the value of the Word of God. Although in frail health she was in no way fatigued by the experience.
“Through it all [the development and history of Seventh-day Adventist health principles and medical practice] we see the guidance of God as projected by the little lady from Elmshaven. At strategic moments in the development of our medical work, this remarkable woman gave the encouragement and wise counsel needed to keep the program balanced and moving forward.”
Josua V Himes
He collaborated with Hiram Edson and Dr. F. B. Hahn in publishing a small Millerite paper, the Day-Dawn. He was with Edson on the morning after the great disappointment of October 22, 1844. Edson received an inspiration from God which explained that the Millerites’ error was not in the date, but in the event; that Jesus had begun His work as High Priest in the most holy place in Heaven. Crosier, Edson, and Hahn joined together to study the subject, and Crosier was selected to write out their findings on the subject of the sanctuary and its cleansing
1888
1863
1844
Stephen Haskell was an evangelist and administrator. He began preaching for the non-Sabbatarian Adventists in New England in 1853, and later the same year began to observe the Sabbath. After self-supporting work in New England, in 1870 he was ordained and became president of the New England Conference (1870-1876, 1877-1887). In 1870 he organized the first conference Tract and Missionary Society and subsequently organized similar societies in various parts of the Eastern United States. He was three times president of the California Conference (1879-1887, 1891-1894, 1908-1911) and also of the Maine Conference (1884-1886).
. N. Loughborough became a Sabbath-keeping Adventist through the labors of J. N. Andrews. He began preaching immediately and was ordained in 1854. He, along with D. T. Bordeau, were our first missionaries, sent to California in 1868. In 1878, he was sent to Europe. He was at one time president of the Illinois Conference. He was the denomination’s first historian, and wrote the books, The Rise and Progress of Seventh-day Adventists and The Great Second Advent Movement.
Like most of the early Advent leaders, Loughborough took a real interest in the literature work. He and James White discussed ways and means of advancing the work of the gospel. It was suggested that if books were offered to the public in connection with preaching services, the people would be willing to pay a small price for them. Thus, the way would be prepared for more literature to be produced. Young Loughborough tried this method, and it was a success.
2017
. W. Prescott was an educator and administrator. His parents were Millerites in New England. He graduated from Dartmouth College in 1877. He served as principal of high schools in Vermont, and published and edited newspapers in Maine and Vermont prior to accepting the presidency of Battle Creek College (1885 to 1894). While still president of Battle Creek College he helped found Union College and became its first president in 1891. Then late in 1892 he assumed the presidency of the newly founded Walla Walla College.
John Kellogg was a multi-talented man: surgeon, inventor of surgical instruments, exercise device inventor, pioneer in physiotherapy and nutrition, and a prodigious writer. At age ten, he worked in his father’s broom factory in Battle Creek, Michigan. By the age of 16 he was a public school teacher. The next year he attended high school and graduated the same year. In 1873 James and Ellen White encouraged him to take the medical course, and they assisted in his tuition expenses. In 1876, after finishing a two-year medical course, at age 24 he was appointed superintendent of the Health Reform Institute in Battle Creek, Michigan. It had opened ten years earlier in answer to a call from Ellen White for Seventh-day Adventists to provide such an institution. Under Dr. Kellogg’s management it grew and prospered, achieving world-wide recognition as the Battle Creek Sanitarium. In later years, its patients included J. C. Penney, Montgomery Ward, S. S. Kresge, Dale Carnegie, Will Durant, Alfred Dupont, John D. Rockefeller, Luther Burbank, Thomas Edison, Booker T. Washington, Homer Rodeheaver, Admiral Byrd, Amelia Earhart, and many others.
J.N Loughborough
Due to Rachel's influence, Frederick Wheeler (1811–1910), an ordained minister of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and promoter of the prophetic teachings of William Miller, preached his first sermon on seventh-day Sabbath to his "Christian Brethren" congregation on March 16, 1844.
ORL CROSIER
1980
Sister Betsy was a designated name for the system that early Adventist used to support the ministers at that time. It was hard for new pastors to support themselves while at the same time preaching the word. This system allowed them to dedicate their time fully to the Lord.
hrough divine providence, the property came to the attention of John Burden, one of the founders of Loma Linda. The asking price of $110,000 was prohibitive for the fledgling Seventh-day Adventist Church. The price continued to drop, however, until the owners ordered the property sold for $40,000. With private funds, John Burden and others obtained an option on the property and paid off the note?then discounted to $38,900?before the end of the year.
On August 26, 1905, Loma Linda Sanitarium was incorporated; six weeks later?on October 13?the first two patients were admitted. Loma Linda was in business!
Stephen N. Haskell
(1833-1922)
Storrs became one of the leaders of the Second Advent movement and affiliated with William Miller and Joshua V. Himes. He began publication of his magazine Bible Examiner in 1843 and continued it until 1879 with a few breaks. After a considerable amount of study, Storrs preached to some Adventists on the condition and prospects for the dead. His book Six Sermons explained his conditionalist beliefs.
Storrs' writings influenced Charles Taze Russell, who founded the Bible Student movement from which Jehovah's Witnesses and numerous independent Bible Student groups emerged.
John H. Kellogg
1852 - 1943
GEORGE STORRS
James White was co-founder of the Seventh-day Adventist Church along with his wife Ellen and Joseph Bates. He was the fifth of nine children, and in early years had such poor eyesight that he could not attend school. At age 19, with his eyes improved, he went to school, studying 18 hours a day, and in 12 weeks had a certificate to teach. He later attended school another 17 weeks, making his total school time, 29 weeks. After a second year of teaching, James learned of the Millerite message from his mother, and committed himself to preaching the advent doctrine. In the winter of 1843, 1,000 persons were won through his preaching. He was ordained as a minister in the Christian Church in 1843. James remembered meeting Ellen Harmon before the 1844 disappointment, but their association did not begin until early 1845. James and Ellen were married by a justice of the peace on August 30, 1846
WOMEN'S ORDINATION CRISIS
The life of Ellen White ended July 16, 1915, at the age of 87 years. She was laid to rest at the side of her husband in Oak Hill Cemetery, Battle Creek, Michigan.
Ellen White lived to see the Advent movement grow from a handful of believers to a world-wide membership of 136,879 that, by 2000, had exceeded 11 million.
Avondale School 1892
DESMOND FORD CRISIS
James White
1821 - 1881
GENERAL CONFERENCE AT MINNEAPOLIS 1888
On July 8, 2015, delegates to the General Conference Business Session, in San Antonio, Texas, voted 1,381-977 against allowing divisions the authority to ordain women. Ted N. C. Wilson, President of the General Conference, appealed to the world church to accept the decision, and also stated that "the vote means we maintain the current policy" (commissioning women, ordaining men as pastors
A.G Daniells was a Seventh-day Adventist minister and administrator, most notably the longest serving president of the General Conference.[2] He began to work for the church in Texas in 1878 with Robert M. Kilgore and also served as secretary to James and Ellen White for one year, and later worked as an evangelist.[1] In 1886 he was called to New Zealand,[3] and was one of the pioneers of the Seventh-day Adventist Church in the South Pacific. Daniells had astounding success through his dynamic preaching and on October 15, 1887, he opened the first Seventh-day Adventist church in New Zealand at Ponsonby.[4] [5] While there he served as president of the New Zealand Conference (1889 to 1891), and of the Australia Conference (1892 to 1895). Later, he became the president of the Australasia Union Conference before becoming president of the General Conference in 1901 and served as president until 1922
At an Ohio funeral service held on a Sunday afternoon in March, 1858, in the Lovett's Grove (now Bowling Green) public school, a vision of the ages-long conflict between Christ and His angels and Satan and his angels was given to Mrs. White. Two days later Satan attempted to take her life, that she might not present to others what had been revealed to her. Sustained, however, by God in doing the work entrusted to her, she wrote out a description of the scenes that had been presented to her, and the 219-page book Spiritual Gifts,
When God clearly indicated His approval of the property, the Avondale Estate was secured. Then, to give encouragement to those in this pioneer enterprise, Mrs. White purchased a good-sized lot nearby and made her home near the new school. This school, God indicated, was to be a pattern of what Adventist educational work should be.
T. M. Preble was a Freewill Baptist minister of New Hampshire, and Millerite preacher. He accepted the Sabbath in the middle of 1844 (perhaps from Mrs. Rachel Oakes or someone else in Washington, New Hampshire). He was the first Adventist to advocate the Sabbath in print. His article in the Hope of Israel (an Adventist periodical of Portland, Maine) of February 28, 1845, was reprinted in tract form in March under the title Tract, Showing That the Seventh Day Should Be Observed As the Sabbath. This introduced the seventh-day Sabbath to Joseph Bates, who later wrote his own tract on the Sabbath. But Preble observed the seventh day only until the middle of 1847. In later years he wrote against the Sabbath in the World’s Crisis (an Advent Christian paper) and in his book First-Day Sabbath.
within the Seventh-day Adventist Church he was a controversial figure.[1] He was dismissed from ministry in the Adventist church in 1980, following his critique of the church's investigative judgment teaching. He has since worked through the non-denominational evangelical ministry Good News Unlimited. Ford disagrees with some aspects of traditional Adventist end-time beliefs. However, he still defends a conservative view of Scripture, the Seventh-day Sabbath, and a vegetarian lifestyle. He views the writings of Ellen G. White as useful devotionally, but as she made clear,[2] and as the Adventist Church believes, not at the level of Canon.
Miller was a farmer, justice of the peace, sheriff, and Baptist preacher, who, from 1831 to 1844, preached the immanent return of Christ. He was born in Pittsfield, Massachusetts. His mother was a deeply religious person, and his father a soldier. Probably as a result, there was tension in his early life between patriotism and religious belief. He was largely self-educated, attending school only for three months each winter between ages 9 and 14.
A.G. DANIELLS
(September 28, 1858 – April 18, 1935
Thomas M. Preble (1810-1907)
John Nevin Andrews is most notably know in the Seventh-day Adventist Church as our first missionary overseas. J. N. Andrews was born July 22, 1829, in Poland, Maine. He quit school at age 11 and was largely self-taught. It is reported that he was fluent in seven languages and could recite the New Testament by memory. His uncle Charles, a member of the U.S. Congress, offered to pay for his training as a lawyer so he could follow a political career. However, early in 1845, at age 15, John accepted the Sabbath from a tract written by T. M. Preble. It changed the direction of his life.
WILLIAM MILLER
1782 - 1849
John N. Andrews
1829 - 1883