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Transcript
Modern Era of Massage
-Early 19th century when a wide variety of authors advocating massage and making their own system
-Pehr Henrik Ling-1776-1836-Swedish physiologist and gymnastics instructor
Johann Mezger
Ling
-Swedish gymnastics were his primary movements
-An exercise known as the Ling System, Swedish movements
-Cure of the bodies aches and pain are through movement
-Three primary movements
-Active-performed by patient
-Passive- movements of the client performed by the practitioner
-Duplicated-performed by client with help from practitioner, May opposed
-1838-1909 credited for making massage a fundamental component of physical rehabilitation
-Mostly known from French Terminology to the massage progression-Efflurage, Petrissage, etc
-Also successful in getting the medical profession to accept massage as a bona fide Medical Treatment for disease and illness
Ling is the Father of What?
-Massage was is overall system
-He combined it with physiology
-Swedish Massage is used to describe the massage component of Ling's system
-He is credited in helping massage develop into a formal treatment modality
-In later years, massage and physical therapy separated
-Schools used his system, it expanded from there
Hartvig Nissen
-1883 opened the Swedish health institute for the treatment of chronic diseases by Swedish Movements and Massage. This is considered the first massage school
-1888 paper about massage which resulted publication who wanted to known more about Ling's system
-Nissan's books: Swedish movement and Massage Treatment and A treatise on Massage
China
Rhazes
Time period between the Greek and Roman Dominance
-850AD encyclopedia work by Persian physician discussed Greek Roman and Arabic medical practices including massage
-Few individuals helped pass on the medical knowledge of the Greeks and incorporated it into Roman Medicine
-The practice of massage goes back as early as 3000BC, but it's basic shape began 200BC to 100AD
-Manuscripts in 200BC discuss massage as treatment for illness
-Amma-the original massage technique and the precursor to all other therapies, manual and energetic.
-100AD various schools of medical thought which produced diverging ideas
Avivenna
Greece
-Authored numerous medical works that remained the standard until the 7th century
-wrote the Cannon of Medicine
-Talk's about Galen of Pergmont efforts, and Galen's text translated into Arabic
-If it were not for that, medical knowledge might have been lost
-Then it went through latin translation, and it was revived the Christian West Europe
-Asclepius-greek physician evolved into a god who was responsible for the merging edical progression. His holy snake and staff still remain. 500BC
Galen of Pergmon 130 - 200 AD
Haung-ti Nei-ching (Nei Ching)
-various ideas were complied and referred to this, also known as the Yellow Emperor contains scriptures of healing procedures, herbal practices, acupuncture, and it's uses. Some think it was written in 2760 BC
Hippocrates of Cos 460-375 BC
-No harm in patient
-Father of Western Medicine
-Founder of Medical School
-His students wrote his medical knowledge into a book called Corpus Hippocraticum
-This summarized what was known about disease at that time in the ancient world
-follower of Hippocrates
-Roman Physician
-Combined unified greek knowledge of anatomy and medicine
-his system dominated medicine through out the middle ages
-during this time the Roman empire divided into eastern and western halves, decline in learning
-much more rapid and severe in Roman West than in the Greek East
Aulus Celsus
After the Collapse of the Roman and Greek Empire=
-476AD
-Western Medicine period of decline
-Because of the writings efforts of few Western
physicians that ancient medical knowledge of the Greeks and Romans was preserved
-After the fall of Alexandria, 642AD knowledge spread spread through Arabic World
-Islamic World Expanded
-First important medical historian
-Wrote De Medicina ---which Julius Caesar (100-44BC) used it for epilepsy
-Great account of Roman Knowledge
-This book bridged the gap between this time and those of Hippocrates
What emerged in the Western Medicine from the Renaissance and Enlightenment era?
John Harvey Kellogg
1530-1606AD
-importance of western medicine
-optimistic outlook concerning the role and benefits of the field of medicine
-health was a natural state to be attained and preserved
-Simon Tissot 1728-1797 invented the microscope
-Girolamo Mercuriale and Timothy Bright
-Researched ancient text of the Greek and Romans
-Wrote De Arte Gymnastica
-1569 first book in the field of sports medicine
-synthesizing that had been written on the use of exercise. Taught this at Cambridge University, England
-1853-1943 Battle creek Michigan wrote articles about health
-Wrote Art of Massage Book
-Open the Sanitarium at Battle Creek, Michigan
By the end of the 17th century the West=
What is the importance of the Middle Eastern translation?
Japan
-medicine experienced a revolution in both ideas and knowledge
-Borelli 1608-1679-carried out anatomical dissections and analyzed the muscular contraction
-Then William Harvey figured out that the heart pumped the blood, via animals
-this enhanced the acceptance of massage as a therapeutic practice
Who is Credited to bringing Massage to the U.S.?
-Western Europe practitioners of the middle ages abandoned massage in favor of other treatments. Folk healers and midwives continued massage was passed on as a healing art form.
-Renaissance 1250-1550
-the collection of classical medical knowledge occurred after the 12th century, thanks to the Muslims who had earlier translated Greek and Latin medical texts into Arabic
-13th century, medical knowledge had advanced to the point that three major European center were offering degrees in medicine and medical treatments
-Thanks to the printing press, rebirth of De Medicina
-Two brother,s, George Henry Taylor and Charles Taylor who studied in Europe and returned to the U.S.
-By the 6th century BC, massage was well established found it's way into Japan.
-The Japanese were introduced to massage by their monks who went to study in China and brought home massage therapy techniques and practices
-Amma was practiced practiced many centuries, but eventually it evolved into the term....
-Shiatsu=finger pressure
it is a Japanese method based on the same Chinese medicine concepts as acupuncture, namely that energy flows in the body in streams called channels or meridians. When these channels become blocked or depleted, pain and discomfort result. Thats why needles clear energy. Can use fingers, elbows.
-Tsubo=specific points, opening to the channels or specific points
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Prehistoric World
-Artifacts depict the use of massage
-European Cave Paintings 15,000 BC
India
-On the Indian subcontinent, the practice of massage also existed for more that 3000 years.
-Knowledge had probably came over from China
-Became apart of the Hindu tradition
-It was practice in the medical holistic system called...
-Ayurveda= code of life, deals with rebirth, renunciation, salvation, the soul, the purpose of life, the maintainence of mental health and prevention and treatment of disease.
Massage Therapy
-is the manual and scientific manipulation of the soft tissue of the body for the purpose of establishing and maintaining health and promoting wellness!
-It is the instinctive and intuitive response to rub our aches and pains
Example of Client goals
-Massage Therapy uses a variety of technique to assist a client
-Relaxation, Injury Rehabilitation, management of symptoms using a long-term illness and enhancing personal growth
How are goals established ?
-Through treatment planning, which included intake process