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little ideas

Truth and knowledge differ as perspectives differ.

http://www.westminster-mo.edu/studentlife/housing/options/Documents/300%205th.pdf

Graduated from KHS in '09

MIS

Minors

I am now a second year at Westminster College in Fulton MO.

Mathematics

Philosophy

Majors

Physics

Math Club

I am in multiple clubs/organizations

The Long Term Thinking Club

EcoHouse

ECoS

Philosopher's Corner

CIVICUS

I'm taking Calc III and Philosophy and Literature

at the same time of day.

I've been dating the same person for over three years now.

I am working to start a new physics class called

"Physics for Future Presidents".

I play the guitar and piano.

Other Interesting Things

I've been to Vietnam, Cambodia, and Thailand.

I know everyone in the Phyiscs, Mathematics, and Philosophy Departments.

I cut my own hair.

...essentially, I am ambitious.

Background

has own virtues

escapes slave morality

comes after humans

has character

has cast off common virtues

self-cultivated

The Overman

self-confident

pursues power openly

creative

escapes the confusion of moral codes

pride

realize that there is no divine sanction for morality

How do we get to the overman?

courtesy

friendship

generosity

passion

courage

presence

exuberance

self-confidence

Keep:

Christianity would say:

illusion of equality

through life-affirming scepticism

the meek shall inherit the earth

Cast off:

people are equal

follow tradition

love thy neighbor

false debt to others

failure

all too human traits

tradition

heard mentality

pity

"Nietzsche believed [Christian morality] was founded in a grotesque misunderstanding of the world. A religion designed to empower the feeble in their struggle with the strong [drives] the will to power through tortuous and hypocritical detours" (Wootton 860).

That is probably why “in the parish records of his burial … the church authorities have written beside his name the words: ‘A Known Anti-Christ’” (de Botton).

Heisenberg Space (H)

IMAGE SOURCE: http://lukyanenko.net/math/heisenberg09/heisenberg-space.html

Euclidian sphere in H

Research

Prezi is not so good at...

  • Spell check
  • Fixing the same problems you have with every presentation

GOAL:

Prezi is good at...

  • Being free
  • Photos
  • Animations
  • Embedded YouTube Videos
  • Hyperlinks
  • Group presentations
  • Online/offline
  • Any computer

Nihilism

“… human beings were left only with a series of shallow practices -- self discipline, the pursuit of knowledge, self-sacrifice -- which no longer made sense” (Wootton 860-861).

Old

Wireless Power

Nietzsche wanted to take the despair that nihilism brings and “transform it into a thing of beauty” (Wootton 861).

Principles of

Allowed directions of movement

To see how objects move in H.

New

who would it be?

People have been domesticated by the weak and enslaved by the illusion called "morality."

If we were to envision a person who was not domesticated and not enslaved,

Heisenberg Space, Brain Computer Interface

Nietzsche’s answer is that the weak, the victims of rape and rapine, who were looking for whatever weapons they could find to use against the strong, were the inventors of morality” (Wootton 860).

Who invented morality?

The Sea of Morality

The World of Art

“… he believes that human beings are not naturally moral and that they have become domesticated over time” (Wootton 860).

“Beyond morality, … lies the world of art, and the greatest work of art is not a statue or a play, but a human life itself” (Wootton 861).

Therefore, what we think of as moral categories, Nietzsche thinks of as “aesthetic accomplishments” (Wootton 861).

Therefore, if humans are not naturally human, then they must first be pre-human.

Design

(Wootton 860)

Admitting guilt makes a human being human.

Historical Development of Man

“… a Nietzschean [finds] the idea of a society of equals superficial and misleading” (Wootton 860).

Truth and Knowledge

“Truths are illusions which we have forgotten are illusions...” (Nietzsche qtd. in Wootton 859)

"Knowledge is always the result of a creative act, an act which is subjective and can never be impartial: Knowledge is always the result of an act of interpretation and is always knowledge from a certain point of view" (Wootton 859).

Will to Power

Well, if truths are not universal,

it follows that morals are not universal.

"... there are altogether no moral facts. Moral judgements agree with religious ones in believing in realities which are no realities. Morality is merely an interpretation of certain phenomena - more precisely, a misinterpretation" (Nietzsche qtd. Kaufmann 501).

are a human construction.

"Nietzsche posits that life is 'will to power,' the enthusiastic drive to enhance vitality to act on the world (rather than reacting to it)" (Solomon and Higgins 16).

1. Are morals a human creation or are they universal? Furthermore, if created by humans, are morals created by the weak, underpowered “humans” to overpower the strong?

2. Regarding the overman: is it able to exist/does it exist? And is it the next step for humans or something that itself must be overcome?

Discussion Questions

3. Is man something that must be overcome? or is man something that must be accepted?

4. How equal are humans?

5. Who runs the world, the weak or the strong? Who should run the world, the weak or the strong?

6. Is the will to power an accurate representation of the human drives?

Nietzsche rejects humans as pleasure seeking beings (going against Hobbes, Locke, Hume, and Mill)

Will to power is also the ability to have power over others. This is not in a physical sense, but in “the ability to shape the lives and ideas of human beings” (McRae 113).

"That which does not kill me, makes me stronger."

Think:

“People enjoy inflicting pain and take pleasure in cruelty, so that pleasures cannot be harmonized” (Wootton 859).

“Pleasure and pain can thus be interpreted only in the context of a more fundamental drive, a drive that transmutes pains into pleasures and pleasures into pains, and this drive is the will to power” (Wootton 859).

A saint fasting

Examples:

A runner running

Simplicity

How it works:

2. Nietzsche often contradicted himself. This makes a holistic and succinct study of him complicated.

...but Nietzsche would greet these movements with “carnivorous laughter” (Scruton 119).

What is right with

?

Grounded-ness

We use an EEG (ElectroEncephaloGram).

What is wrong with PowerPoint, Keynote and other slide-based presentation software?

  • innovative and creative
  • captures the audience
  • instills passion

1. His arguments have been used for Nazism, feminism, and liberalism/democracy...

You should always practice the rule of non-maleficence in presentations.

Generally

  • a lack of innovation and creativity
  • a lack of keeping the audience’s attention
  • a lack of passion from the presenter
  • a lack of balance

Your presentation software should

do no harm

Andrew R McHugh

to the information you wish to communicate.

Prezi for Professors

.com

This measures brain waves (non-invasively).

Voice Recognition

Alternative Input Devices:

Problems Analyzing Nietzsche

Brain Computer Interface

the audiences attention

Gesture (Hand or Full Body)

Use frames

The signal then gets analyzed by a computer.

Andrew R McHugh:

Undergraduate Activities

Computer Vision

Multi-touch

to center

Relations are made, classifications are found, and then instructions are sent to a whatever we want to control.

BIG IDEAS

You don't think linearly...

why should your presentation be linear?

A Study of Schopenhauer and Kierkegaard,

but Mostly Nietzsche

By: Andrew R McHugh

Actually only Nietzsche, so I hope you read...

Brain Computer Interface

With a Focus on BCI and Wireless Power Research

IMAGE SOURCE: http://www.emotiv.com/upload/media/1_big.jpg

Creativity

.

o

design

Drive a Car

New User Interface

Works Cited

"Nietzsche." de Botton, Alain. Philosophy: A Guide to Happiness. PBS. 26 Mar. 2000. Television.

Higgins, Robert C., and Kathleen M. Solomon. What Nietzsche Really Said. New York: Random House Inc, 2001. Print.

Kaufmann, Walter, ed. and trans. The Portable Nietzsche (Viking Portable Library). New Ed ed. Boston: Penguin (Non-Classics), 1977. Print.

Leiter, Brian, "Nietzsche's Moral and Political Philosophy", The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Summer 2010 Edition), Edward N. Zalta (ed.), forthcoming URL=<http://plato.stanford.edu/archives/sum2010/entries/nietzsche-moral-political/>.

McRae, James. After Kohlberg: Virtue Ethics and Moral Cultivation in Existentialism and Japanese Philosophy. Diss. University of Hawai'i, 2006. Print.

Scruton, Roger. "Schopenhauer, Kierkegaard and Nietzsche." Short History of Modern Philosophy (Routledge Classics Series). 2 ed. New York: Routledge, 2001. 185-199. Print.

Wootton, David. "Nietzsche For and Against." Modern Politcal Thought: Reading from Machiavelli to Nietzsche. 2 ed. Indianapolis, IN: Hackett Publishing Company, 2008. 858-864. Print.

"Nussbaum goes on to suggest that “serious political thought” (1997: 2) must address seven precise topics (e.g., “procedural justification” [“procedures…that legitimate and/or justify the resulting proposals” for “political structure”], “gender and the family,” and “justice between nations”) — most of which, of course, Nietzsche does not address. (Marx does not address most of them either.) Instead of drawing the obvious conclusion — Nietzsche was not interested in questions of political philosophy — she, instead, decries his “baneful influence” in political philosophy (1997: 12)!" (Leiter).

Baneful: a cause of great distress or annoyance

What we are trying to do:

Brainstormiming

Music Creation

Control Prezi

IMAGE SOURCE: Andrew R McHugh

No Adequate Evidence

Where is this box?

adequate evidence for morality

historical

cultural

personal

Vicious Circle

Regress

Four Arguments

for Moral

Skepticism

F

A

self evident belief

B

D

beliefs

self evident belief

H

method of choosing beliefs

C

Cultural Relativism

Non-Naturalism

Ideal Observer Theory

Divine Command Theory

Individual Subjectivism

Subjectivism

E

Kantians

Emotivism

Moral Realism

P.S. If any of these arguments work, then go ahead and drown everyone, because we must all abandon hope of gaining moral knowledge.

Non-Cognitivism

Contractarians

Cognitivism

Prescriptivism

Geenen

Error Theory

Naturalism

beliefs

G

Relevant Alternatives

Meta-Ethics

Cognitivism

Non-Cognitivism

Prescriptivism

Emotivism

Moral Realism

Subjectivism

Error Theory

Cultural Relativism

Naturalism

Non-Naturalism

Individual Subjectivism

Ideal Observer Theory

Divine Command Theory

large zoomable whiteboard

What is...

Meta-Ethics

Just zoom into a word to see it's definition.

Meta-Ethics

Cognitivism

Non-Cognitivism

Moral statements are propositions that express beliefs and which are true or false.

Moral statements are not propositions and do not express beliefs and cannot be true/false.

Prescriptivism

Emotivism

Moral Realism

Subjectivism

Error Theory

Moral statements are simply expressions of emotion. The phrase ‘giving to charity is good’ really means something like “I approve of charity” or “yea charity!”.

Moral statements are actually prescriptions for action (moral commands). The statement ‘giving to charity is good’ actually has the prescriptive meaning: ‘give to charity’.

There are objective moral facts (which we can come to know)Naturalism: Moral facts are knowable through and reducible to non-moral facts about the universe. Moral facts can be determined through empirical observation.

Moral statements express propositions and so can be true or false, but all such propositions are false because no moral properties exist and so they are based on unfounded assumptions about the world.

Cultural Relativism

Individual Subjectivism

Naturalism

Non-Naturalism

There are moral facts but they are relative cultures in time/place.

There are moral facts but they are different for each person based upon his/her perspective/beliefs/feelings.

There are objective moral facts, but they cannot be derived from or reduced to natural properties (i.e. they are “sui generis”).

Ideal Observer Theory

Divine Command Theory

Moral facts are determined by the opinions of a hypothetical ideal observer, who is perfectly rational, knowledgeable, etc. Claims that the moral facts are universal despite subjectivity.

Moral facts are determined by the commands/beliefs/views of God.

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