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From a review of 41 movies (in the English language) portraying schizophrenia from 1990-2012

-Male

-Caucasian

-Positive Symptoms

-Auditory and visual hallucinations

-Violent Behavior toward themselves or others

One third engaged in homicidal behavior

One fourth committed suicide

(10)

Fortunately the negative stigmas of schizophrenia associated with film has also been decreasing with

time

Split

Personality

Owen, 2012

Unpredictability

An increase in TV dependance is correlated to a higher assumption that individuals with schizophrenia are unpredictable (Levey et al., 2008).

64% of people believe that a split personality is a symptom of schizophrenia (Whiteman, 2014).

Why?

In order to create successful plots, media depends on interesting extremes.

Dangerous

Desire to Avoid

Public View of Schizophrenia

61% of Americans believe people with schizophrenia are likely to be violent toward others (Whiteman, 2014).

Films depicting schizophrenia often misinform viewers about the disease and highlight the negative aspects of the disease.

People with schizophrenia are only 1.2 times more likely to commit a violent offense than those without the disorder!

(Whiteman, 2014)

Film

The desire for social distance towards people with schizophrenia increases almost continuously with the amount of TV consumption (Angermeyer et al., 2005).

"Unfortunately, there is still a great deal of misunderstanding around schizophrenia. Many people assume that it means having a split personality or it makes you violent, neither of which is true"

- Brian Semple, Rethink Mental Illness (Whiteman, 2014)

(Corrigan et al., 2005)

Deterred Relationship

The Pervasive Media

-Over 6 weeks, all relevant stories (N=3,353) in large US newspapers were identified and categorized.

The number of articles that associate schizophrenia with crime has decreased (Corrigan et al. 2005).

But, no significance difference is found in the metaphorical usage of the word schizophrenia and schizophrenic (Hocking, 2009).

There is no change in the quality of reporting of schizophrenia (Clement & Foster, 2008).

With more TV consumption, individuals are less likely to want to be in a relationship with people that have a schizophrenia diagnosis (Turner et al., 2014).

News

"The media's the most powerful entity on Earth. They have the power to make the innocent guilty and to make the guilty innocent, and that's power. Because they control the minds of the masses."

- Malcolm X

People with schizophrenia are still over-portrayed as perpetrators of violent crimes, especially homicides.

43% of individuals diagnosed have heard offensive media accounts about individuals with schizophrenia

(Dickerson et al., 2014)

Decreased

Self Worth

Overview

Media's Misprepresentation of Schizophrenia:

Stigma's Social and Health Effects

-70% worry of being viewed unfavorably because of their diagnosis (Dickerson et al., 2014).

Most of these stories are featured on the front section of the newspaper (Corrigan et al., 2005).

The Effects of Media and Stigma on Those Diagnosed with Schizophrenia

Vast majority of these articles presented mentally ill people as perpetrators, and these articles most often coded as stigmatizing (Nawka et al., 2012).

- The Influential Power of the Media

- How the Media portrays Schizophrenia

- How this effects the Public View

- How this effects those with a diagnosis of Schizophrenia

- The Consequences of these Stigmas

- Affects the Diagnostic Process

- Decrease in Seeking Treatment

- Hinders the Recovery Process

Decrease in

Seeking Treatment and Finding Support

Carolyn Shanks

Dr. Park

PSY 246

4 December 2014

Someone who hears the negative and pejorative comments about people with severe mental illness will not admit to having any symptoms an then will not seek help even when they are in the early stages and recognize that their thoughts might be inappropriate. Not only do their symptoms cause isolation, but people abandon their friends and families, leaving them without the support that they need."

-Linda Stalters, executive director of the Schizophrenia and Related Disorders Alliance of America (SARDAA) (Whiteman, 2008).

-58% avoid telling close friends about their disorder

-27% say they would be embarrassed to tell their own family members

about their disorder

(Dickerson et al., 2014)

Conclusions

Difficulty in Recovery

Difficulty in

the Job Market

- Only 15% of diagnosed individuals are employed

-70% of diagnosed experience discrimination, which has hampered their motivation to work (Dickerson et al., 2014)

- Schizophrenia is the most stigmatized mental illness, but there is hope (Hocking, 2009)

- Media has a crucial influence in the production of stereotypical images. This also means that the media could be a powerful vehicle for improving the stigmatization of schizophrenia.

-Chronic stress, possibly due to these media powered stigmas, make recovery more difficult (Less, 2014)

- Increased self-stigma is a predictor of poorer functioning (Cavelti, 2014).

References

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