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Child Labor in Factories
51
Transcript
Child Labor in Factories
History of Child Labor
Has Child Labor Ended?
Child Labor Laws
- There are 168 million children worldwide trapped in child labor. This is equal to almost 11 percent of the overall child population: 100 million boys and 68 million girls.
- Nearly 60 percent of child labor takes place in agriculture.
References
- http://www.compassion.com/poverty/child-labor-quick-facts.htm
- http://www.continuetolearn.uiowa.edu/laborctr/child_labor/about/us_history.html
- http://www.history.com/topics/child-labor
- http://www2.needham.k12.ma.us/nhs/cur/Baker_00/2002_p7/ak_p7/childlabor.html
- http://www.scholastic.com/teachers/article/history-child-labor
- The U.S. Congress passed two laws, in 1918 and 1922, but the Supreme Court declared both unconstitutional.
- In 1924, Congress proposed a constitutional amendment prohibiting child labor, however, the states did not ratify it.
Child Labor Laws
- The Fair Labor Standards Act was passed by Congress in 1938. Those age 16 could work during school hours, 14 for certain jobs after school, and 18 for dangerous work.
- Today, every state and the U.S. government have laws regulating child labor.
- Child labor had already existed in the form of servants and apprentices, however, it became more well known during the Industrial Revolution.
- As families moved from farms into urban areas, children were preferred by factory owners instead of there parents.
Standard
5.35 Describe child labor and working conditions in factories.
Wages and Hours
- Children who worked in factories worked 12-14 hours a day with only an hour break.
- Children were only paid a fraction of what adults were paid.
- Orphans usually were not paid. Factories owners would give them little food, clothing, and shelter. They believed this was of greater value than money.
Why Children?
- Children were smaller than adults and could fit in tight spaces in factories and mines.
- Children were easier to manage and control.
- Most importantly, children could be paid less than an adult.
Treatment of Children
- Children were often treated cruel and their safety was neglected.
- Children would be beaten if they were late for work or did not do as they were told.
Treatment of Children
- Children would also work around heavy, dangerous machinery. When their machine broke, it was their job to fix it. This lead to many children getting injured or killed.
- Those who were killed would soon have their job replaced by another child.
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