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HISTORY OF POLYMERS

1839

Charles Goodyear discovers vulcanization, by the combining natural rubber with sulfur and heating it to 270 degrees Fahrenheit (132C). it's a polymeric substance, and is much more durable than it's natural counter part. mostly used in tires.

1917

1500's

1907

X-ray crystallography is invented as a method of analyzing crystal structures. 8 years later, this method is used by M. Polanyi to discover the chemical structure of cellulose. this establishes the fact that polymer unit cells contain section of long chain molecules rather than small molecular species.

British explorers discovered the ancient Mayan civilization in Central America. the Mayans are assumed to be among the first to find an application of polymers; as their children were fond of playing with balls made from local rubber trees.

The oldest recorded synthetic plastic is fabricated by Leo Bakeland. Bakelite's hardness and high heat resistivity made it an excellent choice as an electrical insulator.

1927

large scale production of vinyl-chloride resins begins. this polymeric compound continues to be widely used today to make plumbing (PVC) pipe and bottles.

1930s

Polystyrene -> cassette

expanded polystyrene-> cups, thermal insulate containers

and it goes on...

1938: Nylon

1941: Polyethylene

(packaging, piping, toys)

1971: bullet proof vest

(Kelvar)

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