Xerox

Xerox Corporation is a Fortune 500 global document management company (founded in 1906) that manufactures and sells a range of color and black-and-white printers, multifunction systems, photo copiers, digital production printing presses, and related consulting services and supplies.

Headquartered in Norwalk, CT, and with 136,000 employees in 160 countries, we’re never far from your business. As a $22 billion company, we are the world’s leading enterprise for business process and document management.

TIMELINE

The M.H. Kuhn Company, founded in 1903, becomes the Haloid Company on April 18, 1906 in Rochester, New York, to pursue the business of manufacturing and selling photographic paper.

Inventor Chester Carlson, pursuing the concept of electrophotography in his spare time, makes the first

xerographic image in his Astoria, Queens, New York City

lab — a handwritten notation of "10-22-38 ASTORIA."

Xerography is formally announced on October 22 at the Optical Society of America Annual Meeting in Detroit, Michigan — the same year the word "Xerox" is trademarked for future use.

The Haloid Company, originally formed in 1906 to manufacture photographic paper and equipment, changes its name to Haloid Xerox Inc. on April 16 to reflect the company's focus on commercial xerography.

The fast, economical Xerox 914 — the first automatic, plain-paper commercial copier — is announced to the public on September 19 in a televised demonstration and subsequently revolutionizes the industry.

Reflecting the company's focus on xerographic products and services, Haloid Xerox Inc. changes its name to Xerox Corporation on April 18.

They begin recovering metals from used photoreceptor drums for use in new products, improving the reuse of natural resources and lowering the amount of hazardous heavy metals bought, handled and processed.

They introduce two-sided copying, which reduces paper costs, saves time previously spent reinserting pages, saves paper storage space and lessens the environmental impacts of making and using paper.

The Palo Alto Research Center — known as Xerox PARC — opens in Palo Alto, California, with a world-class team of experts in information and physical sciences, drawn together to create "The Office of the Future."

An internal memo coins the term "Ethernet" to describe a proposed system of interacting workstations, files and printers, linked via coaxial cable within a local area network, which components can join or leave without disturbing data traffic.

Xerox PARC prototypes Alto — the world's first personal computer — with the first "what-you-see-is-what-you-get" (WYSIWYG) editor, first commercial use of a mouse, graphical user interface (GUI) and bit-mapped display.

Xerox PARC terms its cut-and-paste bitmap editor as "WYSIWYG"; demos Bravo, the word-processing program that leads to Microsoft Word; and introduces device-dependent imaging, which enables page description languages like Postscript.

In one of the most effective and awarded ad campaigns in history, fictional

monk "Brother Dominic" achieves the monumental task of duplicating

sacred manuscripts with the help of Xerox copier systems.

Xerox PARC debuts the first graphical user interface (GUI), which uses icons, pop-up menus and overlapping windows with simple point-and-click control — an innovation that will dramatically influence PC interface design.

We introduce the energy-saving power down mode in our copiers,

an initiative that precedes the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's

ENERGY STAR® program by ten years.

Our breakthrough 10 Series copiers, using technology developed at Xerox PARC, become the industry's first to use built-in microcomputers with a low-bandwidth Ethernet as the communications interface.

Xerox PARC envisions seamless mobile-device "ubiquitous computing" by inventing and building the palm-sized PARCTab, notebook-sized PARCPad, lightweight document reader and precursor to wireless infrastructure.

The DocuTech Production Publisher — first in the DocuTech Series — launches with the "Putting it Together" ad campaign featuring the product's advanced image capture, document manipulation and image quality.

Xerox PARC scientists co-found and implement the Mbone multicast backbone to deliver real-time Internet multimedia; co-found the Ipv6 Internet protocols; and help develop the HTTP-NG protocol based on Inter-language Unification (ILU).

Performing at Xerox PARC, the band Severe Tire Damage

becomes the first musical group to broadcast live video and

audio on the Internet, using the experimental Mbone

(multicast backbone) for IP Multicast.

Anticipating the handheld device explosion of the following decade, Xerox PARC-developed technology that enables simple, single-stroke touch-screen input for palm-sized devices is patented.

We launch the Phaser 850 color printer — our first to utilize non-toxic,

cost-saving solid ink technology — and raise the bar for office color

printing with brilliant quality prints at a market-leading 14 pages per minute.

Our Nuvera digital copier-printers launch, creating a new mid-production market segment, and the Phaser 8400 is unveiled as the industry's first office color printer to run at 24 ppm in color or black and white.

This company-sponsored website lets people personalize postcards that are printed

on our digital presses and sent to U.S. military troops stationed overseas. More than

10 million cards are created by year-end.

Adding to our business solutions portfolio, we acquire XMPie, a leading provider of variable information software, which enables personalized marketing programs across print, web, email and more.

Combining our advanced multifunction product leadership and proven solid ink technology, the ColorQube 9200 series delivers breakthrough business advantages in cost, speed, ease of use and sustainability.

In the Fortune 500's first female-to-female hand-off,

Ursula Burns succeeds Anne Mulcahy as chief executive officer on July 1, becoming the first African-American woman to head a S&P 100 company.

By purchasing ACS, the world’s largest diversified business process outsourcing (BPO) firm, we become a $22 billion global leader in business process and document management.

The Xerox Alto was an early personal

computer developed at Xerox PARC in 1973. It was the first computer to use the desktop metaphor and mouse-driven graphical user interface (GUI).

It was not a commercial product, but several thousand units were built and were heavily used at PARC, other Xerox facilities, and at several universities for many years. The Alto greatly influenced the design of personal computers in the following decades, notably the Apple Macintosh and the first Sun workstations. It is now very rare and is a valuable collector's item

The Xerox Star 8010 was a commercial refinement of the company's in-house Alto and featured a mouse-controlled graphical user interface or GUI as opposed to the keyboard-controlled text interface common on computers at that time. Announced in April 1981, the machine was also designed to share data over an Ethernet network. But sales were dismal, as less expensive non-networked computers were gaining popularity at that time, and the GUI gave the impression of being very slow in comparison to a text interface. It wasn't until the low-priced Macintosh came out in 1984 that the GUI achieved popularity, which increased even more with the release of Windows 3.0 in 1990.

Xerox today manufactures and sells a wide variety of office and production equipment including LCD Monitors, photo copiers, Xerox Phaser printers, multifunction printers, large-volume digital printers as well as workflow software under the brand strategy of FreeFlow. The impact of Xerox FreeFlow products on the graphic arts market and the print industry in general has grown exponentially since May 2006, largely as a result of the Xerox presence at IPEX 2006. Xerox also sells scanners and digital presses. On 29 May 2008, Xerox launched the Xerox iGen4 Press.

Xerox sells both color and black and white printers under the Xerox Phaser brand, with the color consumer model starting at US$299; the most expensive color model costs US$6,799.

Xerox also produces fax machines, professional printers, black and white copiers, and several other products.

In addition, Xerox produces many printing and office supplies such as paper, in many forms; and markets software such as Xerox DocuShare, Xerox MarketPort and FlowPort, offers consulting services, ECM Digital Repository Services and printing outsourcing.

The word "xerox" is commonly used as a synonym for "photocopy" (both as a noun and a verb) in many areas; for example,"I xeroxed the document and placed it on your desk." or "Please make a xeroxed copy of the articles and hand them out a week before the exam". Though both are common, the company does not condone such uses of its trademark, and is particularly concerned about the ongoing use of Xerox as a verb as this places the trademark in danger of being declared a generic word by the courts. The company is engaged in an ongoing advertising and media campaign to convince the public that Xerox should not be used as a verb.

Xerox and Apple

Steve Jobs visited PARC in 1979 (after buying Xerox stock) and was impressed and influenced by the Xerox Alto, the first computer ever with a graphical user interface. Jobs designed the new Apple Lisa based on the technology he saw at Xerox.

The Xerox Corporation filed suit against Apple Computer Inc., accusing it of unlawfully using Xerox copyrights in its Macintosh and Lisa computers.

Xerox's suit, which was filed in Federal District Court, charges Apple with copyright misrepresentation and seeks more than $150 million in royalties and damages.

Xerox contends that the Lisa and Macintosh software stems from work originally done by Xerox scientists and that it was used by Apple without permission.

1974

1958

1959

1967

1970

1973

1948

1961

1906

1938

2006

2009

2010

1995

1975

1982

1992

1993

1990

1988

2004

2000

First Xerographic Image

The Haloid Company

Xerography and Xerox

Xerox Corporation

Resource Recovery

Xerox Corporation

Automatic Duplex

Haloid Xerox

Ethernet

PC Innovations

Energy Efficient Copiers

"Ubiquitous Computing"

"Putting it Together"

Internet Advancements

"Brother Dominic"

Touch-Screen Technology

Live Internet Streaming

ColorQube Multifunction Printer

Market Leading Technology

Solid Ink Printing

www.LetsSayThanks.com

Xerox acquires Affiliated Computer

Services, Inc. (ACS)

10 Series Copiers

From Anne to Ursula

Xerox PARC

Alto Personal Computer

GUI

XMPie

emily was here

hi erika