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Disadvantages
Rockets aren't always perfect. Any rocket can fail. And when that happens, people die or get injured. When someone is up in space, the family members will be very worried, scared, and sad. They will not want a family member injured or dead. Here's an example: The 1986 Challenger exploded 73 seconds after take off because of hot gases leaking through a damaged seal. All 7 members died.
On other planets, there could be alien diseases, or viruses. When the astronauts get back to Earth, the disease could spread causing chaos, and a collapse of the government. The virus could be fatal, causing many deaths on Earth. Life on Earth would be impossible with a disease, especially coming out of nowhere.
On unknown planets, there could be life saving cures/treatments (cure cancer). NASA helped Diatek (electrical thermometers) develop improvements for the aural thermometer, which measures energy from the eardrum to the ear canal. We can get a better understanding of bone-strength and loss of bone-mass. This can help people with delicate bones or muscle-wasting diseases.
With space exploration, we could find life on other planets. There is no way that there is only 1 intelligent species in the universe. The other species probably knows something else about the universe than we don't, and can teach us about their planet. Other life could give us the secrets of the universe. Maybe the other life could be a cure/treatment to fatal diseases.
Advantages
Each mission they go on, it costs a lot of money. Lately, they found that they pay approximately $1.5 billion per flight. Since the government probably can't afford it, they will make the citizens pay more taxes. NASA has payed about $ 200 billion for all of their flights/missions in total.
6. Satellites
Rockets include using a variety of expensive materials that are critical for life on Earth. These materials won't last forever. Scientists say that many of those important elements will disappear in about 50 years. And if the rocket fails, you just used all those materials for nothing. Space exploration could also cause rivalry and competition between countries with the rockets, wasting more materials.
Space exploration has helped us place satellites in space. Satellites let us watch television and get signals for other electronic devices. Satellites help us look for upcoming weather and natural disasters (tornadoes, hurricanes, floods, drouts, and storms/ rain). Satellites give us a placement of where we are on earth (navigation). Satellites also check the change in temperature and the climate. They help us communicate with others for business. They monitor forest fires, oil spills, and pollution.
Asteroid mining would give us resources. Many key elements come from asteroids like zinc, tin, silver, led, indium, gold, and copper. These elements could disappear in 50-60 years. All of the gold, cobalt, iron, nickel, etc come from an asteroid shower that hit Earth many years ago and cooled into the Earth's crust.
Eventually, one day an asteroid will hurtle towards earth. Without space exploration, we wouldn't be able to stop it. With the exploration we have done, we will be able to track the asteroid with satellites or rockets on current missions. When we track it, we would send a missile to destroy the asteroid.
Solar energy was discovered from space exploration. It is a clean energy with very little damage to the environment. The sun's approximate life is 4-5 billion years, which means 4-5 billion more years of clean energy. Solar energy is a long term energy source and could give us almost all of our electrical needs. It is the largest energy source (more than all the others combined). solar energy is often used to power spacecraft.