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The Issue; America Today

Work; Cited

  • Resentment of wealth structure
  • Monopolies not prevalent
  • Occupy Wall Street
  • Boyer, Paul S. "The Progressive Era." The Enduring Vision. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth, 2009. 635-37. Print.
  • "[Regents Prep U.S. History] Reform: Progressive Era Reform." [Regents Prep U.S. History] Reform: Progressive Era Reform. N.p., n.d. Web. 21 Jan. 2014.
  • "The Progressive Era (1890 - 1920)." The Progressive Era (1890 - 1920). N.p., n.d. Web. 21 Jan. 2014.

Important Leaders; Anti-Trust Movement

Success; How well Progressives addressed the problem

  • Robert La Follette "Fighting Bob": Governor of Wisconsin, regulated railroads (Railroad regulation committee), mining, and business, created Legislative Reference Library
  • Florence Kelley: Fought low wages, poor working conditions, and child labor
  • Alice Hamilton: Fought for better working conditions
  • Ida Tarbell: Wrote against practices of Standard Oil Company

Problem; Monopolies and Trusts on the Rise

  • Rise of corporate leaders such as Andrew Carnegie and John D. Rockefeller
  • Led to brutal competition in industries
  • Wages were low, working conditions suffered
  • Smaller companies couldn't succeed
  • Earlier legislation against monopolies and trusts easy to circumvent

Who revealed the problem; Mukrakers

  • Progressives achieved substantial success in limiting power of big business and improving conditions
  • Clayton Anti-Trust Act filled holes missing in Sherman Anti-Trust Act to effectively restrict monopolies and trusts
  • Sharp increase in lawsuits against large corporations
  • Progressive campaigns led to creation of the Interstate Commerce Commission and Federal Trade Commission to regulate monopolies and trusts

Progressive Response; Legislation, etc.

  • General anti-monopoly attitude among working class
  • Frank Norris- "The Octopus" criticized railroad industry in CA
  • Theodore Dreiser- "The Financier" illustrated big businesses without social consciences
  • Mass magazines (McClure and Collier) - Worked to expose corporate corruption
  • Sherman Anti-Trust Act- Prevented trusts and fixed monopolies, was ineffective in doing so
  • Clayton Anti-Trust Act- Strengthened Sherman Anti-Trust Act with restrictions on local price cutting, sales contracts, rebates, and legalized labor strikes, led to many lawsuits against big companies
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