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Difference:

Similarity #2:

Discrimination against immigrants from enemy nations

The Role of Women in the Workforce

WWI:

WWII:

WWI:

Two Similarities

& One Difference

  • Committee on Public Safety
  • Office of War Information

Analysis

Causation

The advertisement of a woman baking conveys that women mainly helped by doing domestic jobs such as being housewives in WWI. The baking supplies in both WWI posters show the less influential role of women. As World War II began, women started working in war factories, as seen by the woman building a weapon in a WWII poster. The woman in the U.S. Employment Service ad is depicted as tough compared to the housewife-like women in the World War I advertisements.

The United States Government commissioned boards to issue sensationalist war propaganda against in World War I Germany and Japan in World War II. The name-calling and defining the enemy techniques are shown, with the Germans referred to as "huns" and "brutes". The German is also shown as a savage gorilla that harms America. This reflects the Anti-German sentiments in America which prohibited German culture, like music and beer. The Japanese are are also depicted in generalized caricatures next to phrases that attack the American war effort. Similarly, Anti-Japanese sentiments led to the internment of Japanese Americans when immigrants lost their possessions and were placed in prison camps.

The Women's Suffrage movement , which notably passed the 19th Amendment granting women the right to vote, was a primary cause to the larger influence women began to have during World War II. Women gradually grew in significance in the workforce due to technological advances after the First World War. With a greater role in society, women were encouraged to work in the industrial jobs left behind by deployed men.

Fear of German spies in World War I and Japanese spies in World War II infiltrating the American war plans spurred a growth in anti-immigrant advertisements. The boom of the entertainment and advertising industry in both wars allowed the government to spread propaganda to American citizens.

Similarity #1

  • Conservation of resources

Similarity #2

  • Discrimination against immigrants from enemy countries

Difference

  • Influence of women in the war effort

Thesis

The homefront efforts of World War I and World War II both utilized propaganda to spread anti-enemy sentiments and promote the conservation of resources in America. However, the efforts differed because women were more influential to the World War II effort than the World War I effort.

Similarity #1:

Conservation of Resources

WWI

WWII

Compare and contrast WWI & WWII Homefront efforts

  • Supply Priorities and Allocations Board
  • War Industry Board

Analysis

Causation

The government urged Americans to conserve the usage of resources, so that these resources be used to help the war effort in both wars. In both wars propaganda was used to encourage minimal consumption of food and oversee the production of supplies through the War Industry Board, as seen in the WWI advertisements. Similarly, Supply Priorities and Allocations Board and food rationing in World War II, as seen in the poster, was used to promote the idea of small rations so the soldiers could have a surplus of food. "Scraps", in another WWII poster, such as metal, paper, rubber, and rags were also conserved because then the excess or remaining items could be used to support the war.

Because American resources were scarce, the government had to control the supply of resources to ensure that American and Ally soldiers would have everything they needed for war, including food and oil. The government also regulated the economy during total war, which compares to a command economy with the controlled distribution of resources.

Fiona Brasfield, Jasmine Louie, Jessica Blakeslee,

Miji Suhr, Naomi Rothenberg, Natasha Goffman

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