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2. Main points of Apartheid

Structure

1. History of South Africa 1645-1948

2. Main points of Apartheid

3. Life of Nelson Mandela until 1944

4. His Part in the Struggle

5. Situation Today

6. Sources

After elections of 1948: Etablishment of the system of Apartheid:

1. Stricter definitions of races

2. Political participation and control only for Whites

3. Separation in institutions, daily life facilities, territories

4. Spatial segregation in cities and rural areas

5. Control of Black migration into the cities

6. Classification of South African citizens by races and skin colours

7. Separation and downgrading of Blacks on the labour market

Pic 2-4: Signs while Apartheid

2: http://www.freemalaysiatoday.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/apartheid.jpg

3: http://s3-ec.buzzfed.com/static/enhanced/web03/2011/7/29/12/enhanced-buzz-13942-1311956658-5.jpg

4: http://www.sahistory.org.za/sites/default/files/general_pics/turningpoints/bk5/whites-only.jpg

4. His Part in the Struggle

3. Life of Nelson Mandela until 1944

Deep intervention into daily life of Black citizens

Disproportionate treament

Pic.5: Table showing disproportion

http://www.mtholyoke.edu/~shafi20k/pictures/table.jpg

1950 President of 'ANC Youth League'

1955 Freedom Charter

1960 Sharpeville massacre

'Pass-burning'

* 18th July 1918

Degree: Studies of English, politics, ethnology, law and ‘administration of natives’

After suspension he went to Johannesburg

1944: Accession in ANC

Founding 'African National Congress Youth League'

1961 'Umkhonto we Sizwe - Spear of the Nation' (MK)

1961-62 Tour trough indepent and African states

1962 'Rivonia-process'

Death on 5th December 2013

1963-1990 Inprisonment

Pic. 6: Rolihlahlas Nelson Mandela

http://www.history.com/s3static/video-thumbnails/AETN-History_VMS/200/935/History_Nelson_Mandela_Champion_of_Freedom_SF_HD_still_624x352.jpg

1990 Meeting with South African president

Release

Legalize of ANC

1993 Temporary declaration

1. History of South Africa 1645-1948

1994 First free and general elections

1652

first Dutch settlers founding a trading base

1948

elections: majority of votes for

National Party

Late 19th century

Industrial Revolution

APARTHEID

6. Sources

1913

Natives Land Act

18th century

the British arrive in South Africa 1795:

new Laws

Dutch farmers leave the colony ;

new republics

5. Situation today

1994-97

president

Nelson Mandela

In general

Politics

Economy

Internet

http://www.sahistory.org.za/topic/natives-land-act-1913 (3rd January 2015)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Party_(South_Africa) (3rd January 2015)

http://www.sahistory.org.za/archive/what-industrialisation (4th January 2015)

http://www.sahistory.org.za/codesa-negotiations (26th January 2015)

http://www.whoswho.de/bio/nelson-mandela.html (24th January 2015)

Films:

- ‘Township Lessons from the Cape of Good Hope’, Michael Fischer, 2014 ( 27th January 2015)

- ‘Kap der Hoffnung – Land der Stürme 1-3’ , Judith Voelker, 2010

[ Part 1: youtube.com/watch?v=k-KwDsBE2WY (3rd January 2015)

Part 2: youtube.com/watch?v=Sz3HAQtKVBk (3rd January 2015)

Part 3: youtube.com/watch?v=pvY9FailCNU (3rd January 2015)]

Literature:

Stephan Bierling: Nelson Mandela, C.H.Beck, 2012

Albrecht Hagemann: Kleine Geschichte Südafrikas, C.H Beck, 2001, page 72- 80

Thomas Scheen/Claudia Broell: ‘Um das Wohl des Volkes geht es nur am Rande‘ , FAZ, 16.12.2012

- Poverty

- Bad education in poor sectors

Crime like gangs and drug abuse

- Mistrust to the police

- Democratic society

- Topical government: ANC

- Corruption and struggles

- Blacks enjoy political liberty

- Political apathy

- Economic crisis because of few investors

- Stagnation

- Unemployment

- Differences in wages:

white 25 700 € / black 4300€ (2011)

economical inequality

Pic.1: Map of South Africa in 1913 – Distribution of Black and White Population

http://www.sahistory.org.za/sites/default/files/south_african_native_reserves.jpg

NeLson Mandela and his PART in the struggle Against apartheid

http://www.rfksafilm.org/html/ apartheid_cartoons/11.jpg

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