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1. History of South Africa 1645-1948
2. Main points of Apartheid
3. Life of Nelson Mandela until 1944
4. His Part in the Struggle
5. Situation Today
6. Sources
After elections of 1948: Etablishment of the system of Apartheid:
1. Stricter definitions of races
2. Political participation and control only for Whites
3. Separation in institutions, daily life facilities, territories
4. Spatial segregation in cities and rural areas
5. Control of Black migration into the cities
6. Classification of South African citizens by races and skin colours
7. Separation and downgrading of Blacks on the labour market
Pic 2-4: Signs while Apartheid
2: http://www.freemalaysiatoday.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/apartheid.jpg
3: http://s3-ec.buzzfed.com/static/enhanced/web03/2011/7/29/12/enhanced-buzz-13942-1311956658-5.jpg
4: http://www.sahistory.org.za/sites/default/files/general_pics/turningpoints/bk5/whites-only.jpg
Deep intervention into daily life of Black citizens
Disproportionate treament
Pic.5: Table showing disproportion
http://www.mtholyoke.edu/~shafi20k/pictures/table.jpg
1950 President of 'ANC Youth League'
1955 Freedom Charter
1960 Sharpeville massacre
'Pass-burning'
* 18th July 1918
Degree: Studies of English, politics, ethnology, law and ‘administration of natives’
After suspension he went to Johannesburg
1944: Accession in ANC
Founding 'African National Congress Youth League'
1961 'Umkhonto we Sizwe - Spear of the Nation' (MK)
1961-62 Tour trough indepent and African states
1962 'Rivonia-process'
Death on 5th December 2013
1963-1990 Inprisonment
Pic. 6: Rolihlahlas Nelson Mandela
http://www.history.com/s3static/video-thumbnails/AETN-History_VMS/200/935/History_Nelson_Mandela_Champion_of_Freedom_SF_HD_still_624x352.jpg
1990 Meeting with South African president
Release
Legalize of ANC
1993 Temporary declaration
1994 First free and general elections
1652
first Dutch settlers founding a trading base
1948
elections: majority of votes for
National Party
Late 19th century
Industrial Revolution
APARTHEID
1913
Natives Land Act
18th century
the British arrive in South Africa 1795:
new Laws
Dutch farmers leave the colony ;
new republics
1994-97
president
Nelson Mandela
Internet
http://www.sahistory.org.za/topic/natives-land-act-1913 (3rd January 2015)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Party_(South_Africa) (3rd January 2015)
http://www.sahistory.org.za/archive/what-industrialisation (4th January 2015)
http://www.sahistory.org.za/codesa-negotiations (26th January 2015)
http://www.whoswho.de/bio/nelson-mandela.html (24th January 2015)
Films:
- ‘Township Lessons from the Cape of Good Hope’, Michael Fischer, 2014 ( 27th January 2015)
- ‘Kap der Hoffnung – Land der Stürme 1-3’ , Judith Voelker, 2010
[ Part 1: youtube.com/watch?v=k-KwDsBE2WY (3rd January 2015)
Part 2: youtube.com/watch?v=Sz3HAQtKVBk (3rd January 2015)
Part 3: youtube.com/watch?v=pvY9FailCNU (3rd January 2015)]
Literature:
Stephan Bierling: Nelson Mandela, C.H.Beck, 2012
Albrecht Hagemann: Kleine Geschichte Südafrikas, C.H Beck, 2001, page 72- 80
Thomas Scheen/Claudia Broell: ‘Um das Wohl des Volkes geht es nur am Rande‘ , FAZ, 16.12.2012
- Poverty
- Bad education in poor sectors
Crime like gangs and drug abuse
- Mistrust to the police
- Democratic society
- Topical government: ANC
- Corruption and struggles
- Blacks enjoy political liberty
- Political apathy
- Economic crisis because of few investors
- Stagnation
- Unemployment
- Differences in wages:
white 25 700 € / black 4300€ (2011)
economical inequality
Pic.1: Map of South Africa in 1913 – Distribution of Black and White Population
http://www.sahistory.org.za/sites/default/files/south_african_native_reserves.jpg
http://www.rfksafilm.org/html/ apartheid_cartoons/11.jpg