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07.06 Bring on the Reform! > Reform Movements > Mental Illness

April 6, 2017

Kristen Duane

The Mental Illness Movement

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What was the problem?

In the 1800's, people who suffered with a mental illness were seen as dangerous and incurable. When a family could not provide the proper care, the mentally ill were placed in a prison or an asylum. Here, they were often driven into insanity because the workers would restrain them with chains or force them to be alone for long periods.

Who was involved in addressing the problem?

Dorothea Dix studied prison conditions in Europe and her home state of Massachusetts. She thought the government should direct its attention to the depriving conditions that the inmates and asylum patients were forced to live in.

What was done to reform society?

Dix's efforts led to the founding of 32 mental hospitals were the mentally ill could be given the proper care and treatment and begin to recover. The movement also led to the establishment of libraries in many hospitals and prisons.

Does the problem still exist today?

No, the problem does not still exist today. Today, there are laws in place, such as IDEA, that focus on protecting the mentally ill. In as normal a home setting as possible, businesses and government agencies help provide the proper care, education, and therapy. People are now able to provide for ill family members at home.

One example of something (law, organization, institution, etc.) that exists today because of the reform movement of the 1800s:

Hospitals and mental institutions, where the ill can seek treatment, instead of prisons and asylums.

One image representing the reform movement and its goals:

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