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Modern Qing Dynasty(17th century-18th century)
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The Fall
- China forced to open trade and diplomatic exchanges to Europe and Asia
- Underground organizations inspired uprising in dynasty
- Lack of coordination and sufficient resources
- Many in scholar Gentry-involved in secret society
- 1905- Civil Service Exam given for last time
- Traditions began to die as did the social status of the emperor
- Last emperor appointed in February 1912
Reformations/ Rebellion
Political/Economic
Status
Modern Qing Dynasty
( 1644-1912)
- Confucianism
- Civil Service exam- Unfair and biased
- Opium buckets sold with Europeans through ports
- Central Bureaucracy
- Extended families
- Emperors and officials of the bureaucracy had control over trading ports
- After Opium Wars, European officials entered government, some as secret spies
- Traded silk, silver, and raw materials with Great Britain
- Most money spent on building canals and irrigation
- Did not have technology f advanced weaponry against Europeans
- Taiping Rebellion- Hong Xiuquan prophet attack Scholar Gentry and Qing officials - rose military and defeated
- The Late Qing Reform- creation of education system, Abolished Civil Exam (1905), and threatened worse punishments for illegal trade
- "The Royal Cabinet"- 13 members, and five imperial members to government as officials-hoped to enforce tradition
- Republic of China- Oct. 10, 1911- Wuchang Uprising created a new central government reformation
- New republic erased traditional Chinese imperial votes
- Boxer Rebellion-1898-Expelled foreigners from China
Situation Before/Issues
- Qing Dynasty Began after Manchu nomads conquered a weak & divided Ming dynasty
- Chinese traditions kept-> Central Bureaucracy, Civil Exam, Confucianism
- Inferiority to woman
- Population increase
- Loss in government revenue due to isolation
- Barbarians pressure for access to economy (drugs)
Contact/ Threats with Western Europe and U.S.
- British Merchants exported Porcelains, tea, and silks
- British were forced to trade silver bullion so the Qing Dynasty prospered in their currency production
- British merchants found the silver trade "unfavorable" and demanded to trade opium
- The Opium Was- Merchants either illegally and legally brought in huge amounts of opium into China causing rebellion and addiction
- Lin Zexu, the emperor closed all ports to Opium trade in the late 1830's for the economy was becoming corrupt
- European merchants threatened military action for loss of opium causing war between 1839-1850
- Europeans won and opened all ports of trade to drugs and production
- Hong Kong became center of British Commerce
- 90 ports open to 300,000 European and Asian traders
AP World History
By- Autum Fleming, Anna Malkin and Adrian Munoz
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