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The Czar was in charge

means "King"

Nicholas I

was Czar

Czar

Nicholas II

In 1904: Russia-Japan War

Russia lost (just like Crimean War) and was disgraced again

Majority Peasant population

Nicholas II went to the front lines to fix things…

It was a huge mistake-

1. Czar was no more competent than the generals

2. Left Czarina Alexandra (his wife) in charge.

Not trusted by the Russian People

1. She was German Born

2. She trusted Grigory Rasputin

Only son to the Czar

Born with Hemophilia - blood does not clot

Rasputin helped Alexei with hemophilia many times

Carz began to trust him with more than just health

The public called him “Mad Monk”

and did not like or trust him

Average - work 11 hours a day

Price of goods increased dramatically

Inspired over 110,000 workers to go on strike

8 hour work days

Increase in wages

Improved working conditions

Workers gathered to present petition to Czar

As the procession reached Winter Palace, the guards were ordered to shoot…

Killed over 100 and wounded over 300

Peasants and Workers formed Soviets through out the country

Soviet-Council of citizens representing the large lower class

The Duma was created – group of elected middle class representatives

The Czar later

dismantled the Duma

Economic Causes

Political Causes

Social Causes

Revolution in Russia

Your Poster should include:

-A slogan that details your position - This should be short, catchy and easy to understand.

-Include a quick statement about the four most important issues facing the Russian people.

-The overall look of the poster should be attractive, interesting and easy to gather information

from especially for the members of society that cannot read.

Your Speech should include:

A clear, persuasive message that details your 4 main ideas and gets the Russia people to agree

with you about the direction the country should progress. The speech should be edited and approximately ½ of a page.

After working 12 hour days many women waited

in long lines to get bread for their children

Revolution of 1917: March 8th 10,000 women marched through Petrograd demanding

“Peace and Bread”

“Down with Autocracy”

Czar again ordered soldiers to shoot but many soldiers put down weapons and joined march

At first he ignored the revolt

Then the Duma met without his permission

They voted to no longer support the Czar

Without control of the military and support of the Upper-Class…

Nicholas the Second step down on March 15th ending 300 years of Romanov rule

Three slogans:

Leon Trotsky - lead successful attack on Winter Palace

Little bloodshed and new leadership

By 1921 Communists were in command of Russia and fighting in WWI

Results of WWII

Established two superpowers: the United States and the USSR

Stalin won because:

Stalin's Leadership

Stalin purged:

90% of the army's top officers

every admiral in the navy

1 million Communist Party members

At the same time Stalin encouraged a cult of personality. Propaganda was used to make people aware of the part Stalin was playing in every aspect of life - work, home and leisure.

The Five Year Plans

Collectivization

We have:

We must:

modern scientific basis

Peasants horded crops = nation wide famine and many more purges

1946 The “Iron Curtain”

The Truman Doctrine 1947

The Marshall Plan 1947

Molotov Plan 1947

North Atlantic Treaty Organization 1949

Berlin Blockade 1948

Berlin Airlift 1948-1949

Soviet Union tests the Bomb 1949

1953 Stalin Dies

Nikita Khrushchev succeeds him

Period of de-Stalinization

-No terror

-Less ridged

-More consumer goods

Warsaw Pact 1955

The Invasion of Hungary 1956

Berlin Wall 1961

Invasion of Czechoslovakia 1968

Perestroika Policy - reconstruction of economy allow private ownership

Glasnost -Maximum publicity, openness and transparency in government

Berlin Wall Falls 1989

Marking the end of the Cold War

USSR dissolved 1991

New Russia 1990s

Vladimir Putin 1999-2015

Unit 2 Russian Revolution and the Cold War

Test on Thursday April 28th

Learning Target 2-2: I can rationalize the Russian decision to accept communism.

Learning Target 2-1: I can explain causes and results of the Russian Revolution.

New Government

Fall of the Romanovs

Czar’s Reaction

March Revolution

Reasons for Success

Tsar

also spelled

Winter Palace

Throne Room

Russia in mid 1800s

Learning Target 2-3: I can describe how Russia transitioned to a Communist government.

Front Gates of Winter Palace

US was better off

USSR was gaining power

Russia in the late 1800s

From Lenin to Stalin

Lenin dies in 1924 and left no clear successor

Was a mystic, faith healer, consultant…

He was important because

Wife Czarina

Alexandra

because:

Stalin's Great Terror

Alexei

Son

Bloody Sunday 1905

Priest Gapon created a petition:

some 20 million ordinary Russians.

Response to Bloody Sunday:

then introduce your "new" self to your political group

1985 Mikhail Gorbachev

Boris Yeltsin 1991-1999 tries to increase freedom in economy

Corruption and financial trouble lead him to resign

Gorbachev resigns

Hammer and Sickle lowered for the last time

Cold War Time line

Elected president

-Many positive changes

-Increased economy

-81% approval rating 1999

-Never below 65%

-3 terms in office…

-Currently 86%

Learning Target 2-5: I can justify the political decisions made by countries formally of the USSR.

Learning Target 2-4: I can evaluate the major events of the Cold War through a cause and effect timeline.

1. Build your event

2. Lable the 5 key items

3. Create a title sign with hour

4. Check for details

**Be kind to Mrs. Lee's things!!

** Don't make a Mess!

5. Show Mrs. Lee

6. Amend creation

7. Get a Picture Taken

8. Clean Up

9. Complete Blue Sheet

Romanov Dynasty ruled Russia for 300 years

Still no Industrial Revolution

because "less intelligent people are easier to control"

Group A: Nicholas II and the Autocracy

Group B: Liberals and Moderate Socialists

Group C: Mensheviks

Group D: Bolsheviks

WWI begins-more nationalism

In Petrograd they began to ration Bread

Soviet group called the Bolsheviks - Socialists

Under leadership of Vladimir Lenin- tried to centralize power

Influenced by Karl Marx and Communism

-“Peace, Land, and Bread”

- “Workers Control of Production”

- “All Power to the Soviets”

Membership grew from 50,000 to 240,000

Temporary government was set up in Winter Palace

despite the loss of over 20 million

Was becoming industrialized

Joseph Stalin fought

Leon Trotsky

for leadership

He promoted the idea of uniting Russia under one, modern, powerful, state

Stalin believed that industry could only develop through state control. Under GOSPLAN,

three

Five Year Plans set targets between 1928-1941 to increase

production.

The human cost was high. Forced labor killed millions, working conditions were poor and hours of work were long.

Russian industry changed enormously. New towns grew up and large projects were developed. The USSR became a major industrial country.

Slowly developing agriculture

25 million individually owned farms

primitive and undeveloped form of economy

develop large farms

convert them into grain factories for the country

Hated Democracy

Supported censorship

We are 50-100 years behind the advanced countries. We must make up this gap in ten years. Either we do it or they crush us.

Stalin 1931

Workers are striking

War production helped overcome the Great Depression

Please read about your character to find out your background and your feelings on the Czar

1- anti-communist forces were not unified

Weak and Ineffective Rulers

3- Russian people were not happy under Czar

1922 - Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) - Soviet Union for short

Kept Russia "backward"- Still no Industrial Revolution

Romnaovs were put under house arrest

New advances in science, ex. Atomic bomb

2- Red Terror - secret police

Extremes in classes

Spread of Communist Ideas

Lack of transportation

No one was allowed to practice politics

Executed in the basement of the house

Peasants wanted land

The Czar is always right

Renamed themselves Communists

Peasant Majority

Food and Fuel Shortages

Crimean War 1854-56

vs. Ottoman Empire

Russia was more powerful but still lost

Seen as a disgrace

Russians had little faith in the Czar

He could appoint posts in the Communist Party

No Voting

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