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The History Of Occupational Therapy

OTA ROLES TODAY

THE OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY ASSISTANT

EMERGENCE OF OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY

How it began. . .

  • Philosophical Belief
  • Holistic Approach
  • Reductionism/Scientific Medicine

WW I (1914-1918) - Increased scope and # of injuries

- Moral Treatment Advocated

1917 - National Society for the Promotion of OT

1920-1940 - Growth in Education in Nurturing Professions

Nurses, Social Workers, Teachers

WWII - Rehab Movement

Veterans with disabilities

Families need help

More Medical and Rehab Centers established

  • Presidents of State Organizations
  • Members of the Representative Assembly
  • OTA Program Directors
  • Able to Hold all AOTA Offices
  • Applicable Awards ~
  • Roster of Honor
  • Terry Brittell OTA/OT Partnership Award
  • Pre-WW II - Psychiatric Institutions
  • After 1945 - Medical and Rehabilitation Settings
  • Not enough OTs
  • Committee On Occupational Therapy Assistants (1956)
  • First Occupational Therapy Assistant Program (1959)
  • Grandfather clause/336 of 460 applicants
  • First OTA meeting held at national conference (1967)
  • First national certification exam for OTA (1977)

2000

2005

1995

2010

1990

PRACTICE SETTINGS

OTA PIONEERS

At first ~

  • Psychiatric facilities
  • Nursing Homes (Medicare & Medicaid)
  • Medical Facilities
  • Non-traditional settings

1950s - Demand for therapists created assistant category (OTA)

1960s - Intervention, Vietnam, Political Unrest, Stress, Rise in stress-related problems, drug and alcohol abuse, suicide, crime, people living longer

1970s - Care moving from hospital to community-based

Educational approach became more important: How to prevent disabilities

1980s - AIDS, ethical dilemmas, living with dignity, cultural diversity, patient values

1990s Forward - How to allocate resources

Financial and fiscal constraints of managed care

  • Susan Trayce
  • Dr. William Dunton
  • Dr. Adolph Meyer
  • George Barton
  • Eleanor Clark Slagle

Now ~

Distribution ~

Skilled Nursing 40%

School systems 16%

Rehabilitation Hospitals 12%

Other long-term care 8%

Outpatient/community 6%

Acute care hospitals 5%

Home health 2%

Other 9%

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