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SCT seems to be useful in understanding factors associated with physical exercise, with self-efficacy and goals being the strongest predictors.
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Unmeasured socio-structural, environmental, and personal variables could contribute to an increase of SCT’s explanation of variance in physical activity behaviour.
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SCT's conceptualisation has led to a variation in the model constructs’ operational definitions as well as usage of a wide variety of tools to measure those
(Young et al., 2014).
Predicting Physical Activity
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"An evaluation of the usefulness of Social Cognitive Theory for predicting individuals' exercise behaviour"
Student number:1534104
Self-efficacy
Outcome-expectancy
Goals
Self-regulatory skills
References
Bandura, A. (1986). Social Foundations of Thought and Action: A Social Cognitive Theory. Prentice Hall:
Englewood Cliffs, NJ.
Bandura, A. (1997). Self-Efficacy: The Exercise of Control. W.H. Freeman: New York, NY.
Bandura, A. (2001). Social cognitive theory: An agentic perspective. Annual Review of Psychology, 52(1), 1-26.
Bandura, A. (2004). Health promotion by social cognitive means. Health Education and Behavior, 31, 143–
164.
Bauman, A. E., Sallis, J. F., Dzewaltowski, D. A., & Owen, N. (2002). Toward a better understanding of the
influences on physical activity: the role of determinants, correlates, causal variables, mediators, moderators, and confounders. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 23(2), 5-14.
Dishman, R. K., Motl, R. W., Saunders, R., Felton, G., Ward, D. S., Dowda, M., & Pate, R. R. (2004). Self-
efficacy partially mediates the effect of a school-based physical-activity intervention among adolescent girls. Preventive Medicine, 38(5), 628-636.
Dzewaltowski, D. A. (1994). Physical activity determinants: a social cognitive approach. Medicine & Science in
Sports & Exercise, 1395-1398.
Hagger, M. S., Chatzisarantis, N. L., & Biddle, S. J. (2002). A meta-analytic review of the theories of
reasoned action and planned behavior in physical activity: Predictive validity and the contribution of additional variables. Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 24, 3-32.
Hallam, J. S., & Petosa, R. (2004). The long-term impact of a four-session work-site intervention on selected
social cognitive theory variables linked to adult exercise adherence. Health Education & Behavior, 31(1), 88-100.
Keller, C., Fleury, J., Gregor‐Holt, N., & Thompson, T. (1999). Predictive ability of social cognitive theory in
exercise research: an integrated literature review. The Online Journal of Knowledge Synthesis for Nursing, 6(1), 19-31.
McAuley, E., Jerome, G. J., Elavsky, S., Marquez, D. X., & Ramsey, S. N. (2003). Predicting long-term
maintenance of physical activity in older adults.Preventive Medicine, 37(2), 110-118.
Netz, Y., & Raviv, S. (2004). Age Differences in Motivational Orientation Toward Physical Activity: An
Application of Social—Cognitive Theory. The Journal of Psychology, 138(1), 35-48.
Petosa, R. L., Suminski, R., & Hortz, B. (2003). Predicting vigorous physical activity using social cognitive
theory. American Journal of Health Behavior,27(4), 301-310.
Young, M. D., Plotnikoff, R. C., Collins, C. E., Callister, R., & Morgan, P. J. (2014). Social cognitive theory and
physical activity: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Obesity Reviews, 15(12), 983-995.
Environment, socio-structure
Self-efficacy
Outcome-expectancy
Goals
Physical activity
SCT explained 31% of the variance in physical activity behaviour
(Young, Plotnikoff, Collins, Callister, & Morgan, 2014)
Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) (Bandura, 1984)
Behaviour
Personal
factors
Environmental
factors
(e.g. weather, socio-structural factors)
(cognitive, affective, & biological events)
An increase in SCT variables correlates with initiation and maintenance of physical activity
(Dishman et al., 2004; Hallam & Petosa, 2004; McAuley, Jerome, Elavsky, Marquez, & Ramsey, 2003; Petosa, Suminski, & Hortz, 2003)