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Conjugation

The hyphae develop extensions for mating called gametes that fuse together.

Their nuclei mix and form a thick walled structure called a ZYGOSPORE which is a resting or dormant stage

-can survive hostile environments

When conditions improve, the Diploid (2n) Zygospore cracks open and a SPORANGIOPHORE grows and forms a  SPORANGIUM .  The sporangium releases thousands of haploid (n) spores

Rhizopus stolonifer

RHIZOIDS -  (Root-Like Structures) penetrate the food surface.

STOLONS - 

- connect one group of rhizoids to another.

- spread across the surface of the food source.

Phylum Zygomycota

Class Zygomycetes

  • found primarily in soil.
  • Most primitive terrestrial fungi.
  • Include breadmolds (Rhizopus stolonifera)
  • Hyphae are aseptate.
  • Fusion of hyphae leads directly to the formation of a zygote.

Reproduction of Bread mold

-Most common: asexual reproduction

However...

When hyphae of different mating types grow close to each other the mold may reproduce sexually by conjugation.

Life Cycle of Bread Mold

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