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Distinguishing between pronouns such as I and Me

Use the subjective case for subjects and subject compliments

Joel ran away from home because his stepfather and him had argued

"His stepfather and he" is the subject of the verb "had argued." If we strip away the words "his stepfather and", the correct pronoun becomes: he had argued (not him had argued)

Joel ran away from home because his stepfather and he had argued.

Use the objective case for all objects

Janice was indignant when she realized that the salesclerk was insulting her mother and she.

her mother and her is the direct object of the verb "was insulting." Strip away the words "her mother and" to hear the correct pronoun: was insulting her (not was insulting she)

Janice was indignant when she realized that the salesclerk was insulting her mother and her.

Put an appositive and the word to which it refers in the same case

The top strategists, Dr. Bell and me, could not agree on a plan.

The appositive "Dr.Bell and I" renames the subject, strategists. I could not agree (not me could not agree)

The top strategists, Dr. Bell and I, could not agree on a plan.

Following than or as, choose the pronoun that expresses your meaning.

Even though he is sometimes ridiculed by the other boys, Nathan is much better off than them

"They" is the subject of the verb are, which is understood: "Nathan is much better off than they." If the correct english seems too formal, you can always add the verb.

Even though he is sometimes rediculed by the other boys, Nathan is much better off than they

For "we" or "us" before a noun, choose the pronoun that would be appropriate if the noun were omitted.

Us Tenants would rather fight than move.

No one would say "Us would rather fight than move"

We tenants would rather fight than move.

Use the objective case for subjects and objects of infinitives

Ms. Wilson asked John and I to drive the senator and she to the airport.

Ms. Wilson asked John and me to drive the senator and her to the airport.

"John and me" is the subject of the infinitive "to drive"; "senator and her" is the direct object of the infinitive

Use the possessive case to modify a gerund(a verb ending in -ing the functions as a noun).

The old order in France paid a high price for the aristocracy exploiting the lower classes.

Nouns as well as pronouns may modify gerunds. To form the possesive case of a noun, use an apostrophe and an "s".

The old order in France paid a high price for the aristocracy's exploiting the lower classes.

The possesive noun aristocracy's modifies the gerund phrase "exploiting the lower classes".

me, you, him/her/it

I, you, he/she/it

Singular

Singular

Plural

us, you, them

we, you, they

Plural

Incorrect

Incorrect

Correct

Correct

Incorrect

Correct

Incorrect

Correct

Incorrect

Correct

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