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What is culture?

Five Principles for Cross-Cultural Awareness and Sensitivity

Knowledge of Culture

Muslim

(probably, but no necessarily)

Avoid Stereotypes

Not all ethnic Arabs speak Arabic

Many non-Arabs speak Arabic

common ancestry

Arabic language

Most Muslims are not Arabs

Arab

Knowledge of Self

Jerusalem

Refugees

Hebrew

Respect

All citizens of Israel are Israelis

Palestinian

very diverse

Avoid Ethnocentrism

Israeli

Indigenous to Palestine

Palestinian State?

Aliyah - "ascent," immigration of Jews to Israel

Most, but not all Israelis are Jews

Most Israeli Jews are secular

Personal Space

Jewish

Concept of Time

Less rigid/more relaxed

Punctuality is not as important and tardiness is acceptable

Implicit Culture

Many Israelis are Palestinians

Work and Weekends

Saturday - Jewish day of rest

Friday - Islamic day of rest and congregational prayer

Weekend - Friday and Saturday

Work week - Sunday through Thursday

Honor/Shame

& Politeness

Family

Very important to Arabs - the key social unit

Fathers and elders are leaders of the family

Age and wisdom are honored

Also very important in Arab culture

Family honor is especially important

Insults and criticisms are taken very seriously

Pilgrimage to Mecca

Five Pillars of Islam

Fasting during Ramadan

Declaration of Faith

Alms

Prayer

chumra

Islamic

ethnically diverse

Palestinians are Arabs

Food

Kosher - acceptable to eat/drink according to

Jewish law

Halal - prepared in the manner prescribed by

Islamic law

Egypt - most populous Arab Muslim nation

Turkey and Iran - most populous Muslim nations in the Middle East

Indonesia - most populous Muslim nation in the world

Dress

Varies between individuals and across societies

Western style clothing is very common

Most Palestinians and Arabs are Muslims

Traditional Arab: Robes and headdresses

Ultra-Orthodox Jew: black coat and hat

Language

Art

Habits

Food

Dress

Laws

Symbols

Entertainment

Gestures

Daily life

Core Values

Concept of time

Religious beliefs

Attitudes

World view

Personal space

Morals

Work ethic

Gender roles

Assumptions

Power and authority

Concept of beauty

Communication practices

History

Beliefs

Dating practices

Education

Notions of modesty

Lamb

Pita bread

Sabras - Israeli-born Jews

Culture

Falafel

Cultural heritage

Non-religious-traditionalists (25%)

Secular (40-45%)

Romans

Arabs

Crusaders

Turks

Greeks

Hebrews

Persians

Hittites

Allah (Arabic for "God")

Islam - "submission" (to God)

Abroad

Stateless

Muslims

(or not)

Arabs

(at least culturally)

Baklava

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